Weeping willow ntoo, uas yog nyob rau sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj, yog cov ntoo zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam uas nws lush, nkhaus daim ntawv yog tam sim ntawd pom. Pom thoob plaws hauv North America, Europe, thiab Asia, cov ntoo no muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab kev siv tau zoo nrog rau qhov chaw zoo hauv kab lis kev cai, ntawv nyeem, thiab sab ntsuj plig thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
Willow Tsob Ntoo Nomenclature
Lub npe tshawb fawb rau tsob ntoo, Salix babylonica, yog ib yam ntawm ib tug misnomer. Salix txhais tau tias "will," tab sis babylonica tau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov yuam kev. Carl Linnaeus, uas tsim lub naming system rau tej yam muaj sia, ntseeg hais tias weeping willows yog tib yam willows pom los ntawm tus dej ntawm Babylon nyob rau hauv phau Vajlugkub. Cov ntoo hais hauv Ntawv Nkauj, txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum yog poplars. Weeping willow ntoo tau txais lawv lub npe los ntawm txoj kev los nag zoo li kua muag thaum nws ntws tawm ntawm cov ceg nkhaus.
Physical Characteristics
Weeping willows muaj qhov txawv txav nrog lawv cov ceg sib npaug, poob qis thiab nplooj elongated. Txawm hais tias koj yuav paub txog ib qho ntawm cov ntoo no, tej zaum koj yuav tsis paub txog ntau yam ntawm ntau hom willow.
- Species- Muaj ntau tshaj 400 hom ntoo willow, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm cov no pom nyob rau sab qaum teb Hemisphere. Willows hla nrog ib leeg yooj yim heev uas muaj ntau yam tshiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim, ob qho tib si hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab kev txiav txim siab cog qoob loo.
- Ntau yam - Willows tuaj yeem yog ntoo lossis tsob ntoo, nyob ntawm seb cov nroj tsuag. Hauv thaj chaw arctic thiab alpine, willows loj hlob qis mus rau hauv av lawv hu ua creeping shrubs, tab sis feem ntau quaj cov ntoo loj hlob mus txog 45 feet mus rau 70 feet siab. Lawv qhov dav tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm qhov siab, yog li lawv tuaj yeem ua cua sov li ntoo loj heev.
- Foliage - Feem ntau willows muaj zoo nkauj, ntsuab foliage thiab ntev, nyias nyias. Lawv yog cov thawj tsob ntoo loj hlob nplooj nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab cov kawg uas lawv cov nplooj poob thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, cov xim ntawm nplooj yog txawv los ntawm ib tug golden ntxoov ntxoo rau ntsuab-daj daj, nyob ntawm seb hom.
- Catkins - Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, feem ntau lub Plaub Hlis lossis Tsib Hlis, weeping willows tsim silver-tinged ntsuab catkins uas muaj paj. Cov paj yog txiv neej los yog poj niam thiab tshwm rau ntawm tsob ntoo uas yog txiv neej lossis poj niam.
- ntxoov ntxoo ntoo - Vim lawv qhov loj, cov duab ntawm lawv cov ceg, thiab cov lushness ntawm lawv cov nplooj, quaj willows tsim ib qho dej hiav txwv ntawm lub caij ntuj sov ntxoov ntxoo ntev npaum li koj muaj txaus qhov chaw loj hlob no maj mam giants. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo muab los ntawm tsob ntoo willow tau nplij Napoleon Bonaparte thaum nws raug ntiab tawm mus rau St. Helena. Tom qab nws tuag, nws muab faus rau hauv qab tsob ntoo uas nws hlub.
- Tsev ntoo - Kev teeb tsa ntawm lawv cov ceg ua rau quaj quaj yooj yim nce toj, yog li cov menyuam yaus hlub lawv thiab nrhiav tau hauv lawv qhov chaw nkaum hauv av.
Growth and Cultivation
Zoo li txhua hom ntoo, quaj quaj muaj lawv tus kheej xav tau tshwj xeeb thaum nws los txog rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Nrog rau kev cog qoob loo kom zoo, lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau hauv cov ntoo muaj zog, tawv, zoo nkauj. Yog tias koj yog tus tswv tsev lossis tus tswv tsev, koj kuj yuav tsum paub txog cov kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb uas tuaj nrog cog cov ntoo ntawm ib qho khoom.
- Kev loj hlob sai- Willows yog tsob ntoo loj hlob sai. Nws yuav siv sijhawm li peb xyoos rau tsob ntoo hluas kom ua tau zoo, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem loj hlob tau yim feet hauv ib xyoos. Nrog rau lawv qhov loj me thiab cov duab sib txawv, cov ntoo no nyiam ua kom muaj toj roob hauv pes.
- Water - Willows nyiam dej sawv thiab yuav tshem tawm cov teeb meem hauv thaj chaw uas muaj cov pas dej, pas dej, thiab dej nyab. Lawv kuj nyiam loj hlob ze ntawm pas dej, kwj, thiab pas dej.
- Soil type - Cov ntoo no tsis fussy txog lawv hom av, thiab lawv yog adaptive heev. Thaum lawv nyiam cov dej noo, txias txias, lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qee qhov drought.
- Roots - Cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov ntoo willow loj, muaj zog, thiab txhoj puab heev. Lawv tawg deb deb ntawm cov ntoo lawv tus kheej. Tsis txhob cog ib lub willow ze tshaj 50 ko taw deb ntawm cov kab hauv av xws li dej, dej phwj tuaj, hluav taws xob, lossis roj. Nco ntsoov tsis txhob cog willows ze rau koj cov neeg zej zog 'yards, lossis cov hauv paus hniav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog koj cov neeg nyob ze cov kab hauv av.
- Kab mob - Cov ntoo Willow raug rau ntau yam kab mob xws li cytospora canker, powdery mildew, kab mob blight, thiab tarspot fungus. Canker, blight, thiab fungal kab mob tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm pruning thiab txau nrog fungicide.
- Insects - Ntau kab raug rub mus rau quaj quaj. Cov kab teeb meem muaj xws li gypsy npauj thiab aphids uas pub rau nplooj thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov kab ntoo uas ua rau hauv lub cev. Willows ua, txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov kab zoo nkauj zoo li viceroy thiab liab-spotted liab doog butterflies.
- Deer - Willow bark tsim cov tshuaj zoo ib yam li tshuaj aspirin. Cov mos lwj feem ntau rub cov antlers tshiab tawm tsam cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo willow kom txo qhov khaus, thiab qhov kev coj cwj pwm no tuaj yeem ua rau tsob ntoo hluas.
- Longevity - Willows tsis yog tsob ntoo ntev tshaj plaws. Lawv feem ntau nyob nees nkaum mus rau peb caug xyoo. Yog tsob ntoo muaj kev saib xyuas zoo thiab muaj dej txaus, nws yuav nyob tau tsib caug xyoo.
Cov khoom ua los ntawm Willow Wood
Tsis tsuas yog cov ntoo willow zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis lawv kuj siv tau los ua ntau yam khoom. Cov neeg thoob plaws ntiaj teb tau siv cov tawv ntoo, ceg ntoo, thiab ntoo los tsim cov khoom uas muaj xws li rooj tog mus rau cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag mus rau cov cuab yeej ciaj sia. Ntoo los ntawm willow ntoo tuaj ntau hom, nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo.
- White willow ntoo yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov cricket bats, rooj tog, thiab crates.
- Black willow ntoo yog siv rau pob tawb thiab siv ntoo.
- In Norway thiab Northern Europe, willow bark yog siv los ua flutes thiab xuav.
- Willow staves thiab bark kuj yog siv los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv av los ua ntses ntxiab.
- Tib neeg kuj tuaj yeem muab cov xim pleev xim los ntawm willows uas tuaj yeem siv los ua tawv tawv.
- Txiv ntoo los ntawm cov ntoo willow tau siv los ntawm Cov Neeg Qhab Asmeskas los ua cov txhuam hniav, xub shafts, menyuam roj hmab, thiab npau suav-catchers.
- Cov Neeg Qhab Asmeskas tau ua hws lodges thiab wigwams los ntawm willow saplings.
Tshuaj los ntawm tsob ntoo Willow
Hauv cov tawv ntoo thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm willows yog ib yam khoom hu ua salicylic acid. Tib neeg los ntawm ntau lub sijhawm thiab kab lis kev cai tau tshawb pom thiab siv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj los kho mob taub hau thiab kub taub hau.
- Ua npaws thiab txo qhov mob- Hippocrates, tus kws kho mob uas nyob rau tim Nkij teb chaws thaum ub nyob rau xyoo pua tsib BC, nrhiav tau tias cov tawv ntoo willow, thaum zom, tuaj yeem txo kub taub hau thiab txo qhov mob.
- Toothache nyem - Cov Neeg Qhab Asmeskas tau tshawb pom cov khoom kho mob ntawm willow bark thiab siv los kho kub taub hau, mob caj dab, mob taub hau, thiab mob hniav. Hauv qee pawg neeg, lub willow hu ua "toothache tree."
- Inspired synthetic aspirin - Edward Stone, ib tug kws saib xyuas tebchaws Askiv, tau ua kev sim rau xyoo 1763 ntawm willow bark thiab nplooj thiab txheeb xyuas thiab cais salicylic acid. Cov kua qaub ua rau mob plab ntau dhau los siv dav mus txog xyoo 1897 thaum tus kws kho mob hu ua Felix Hoffman tsim cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas ua rau lub plab maj mam. Hoffman hu nws qhov kev tsim kho "aspirin" thiab tsim nws rau nws lub tuam txhab, Bayer.
Willows hauv Cultural Contexts
Koj yuav pom cov ntoo willow hauv ntau hom kab lis kev cai, tsis hais hauv kev kos duab lossis sab ntsuj plig. Cov ntoo Willow feem ntau tshwm sim ua cov cim ntawm kev tuag thiab kev ploj, tab sis lawv coj cov khawv koob thiab paub tsis meej rau tib neeg lub siab, ib yam nkaus.
Literature
Willows tshwm sim ua cov cim muaj zog hauv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub thiab classic. Kev txhais lus ib txwm koom nrog lub willow nrog kev tu siab, tab sis niaj hnub kev txhais lus qee zaum qhia thaj chaw tshiab rau tsob ntoo qhov tseem ceeb.
- Othello- Cov ntaub ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws rau cov willow yog tej zaum William Shakespeare's Willow Song hauv Othello. Desdemona, tus heroine ntawm kev ua si, hu nkauj hauv nws txoj kev poob siab. Koj tuaj yeem hnov ib qho piv txwv thiab pom cov qhab nia suab paj nruag thiab cov lus ntawm Digital Tradition. Ntau tus kws sau nkauj tau teeb tsa zaj nkauj no rau suab paj nruag, tab sis cov version ntawm Digital Tradition yog ib qho qub tshaj plaws. Cov ntaub ntawv sau ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm Willow Song yog los ntawm 1583 thiab tau sau rau lub lute, ib txoj hlua zoo li guitar tab sis nrog lub suab softer.
- Hamlet - Shakespeare siv lub cim kev quaj ntsuag ntawm willow hauv Hamlet. Doomed Ophelia ntog rau hauv tus dej thaum lub willow ceg uas nws zaum so. Nws ntab mus ib ntus, buoyed los ntawm nws cov khaub ncaws, tab sis thaum kawg nws ntog thiab poob dej.
- Twelfth Night - Willows kuj tau hais nyob rau Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj, qhov chaw uas lawv cim kev hlub uas tsis tau rov qab los. Viola nyob hauv nws txoj kev hlub rau Orsino thaum nws hnav khaub ncaws zoo li Caesario, teb rau Countess Olivia cov lus nug txog kev poob rau hauv kev hlub los ntawm kev hais tias "ua rau kuv lub tsev nyob ntawm koj lub rooj vag, thiab hu rau kuv tus ntsuj plig hauv tsev."
- Tus Tswv ntawm Rings - Hauv JR R. R. Tolkien qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws zaj yeeb yaj kiab The Lord of the Rings, Qub Txiv Neej Willow yog tsob ntoo qub nrog lub siab phem. Tsob ntoo tiag tiag harbors nqhis dej, kaw dab. Laus Willow pom cov txiv neej ua usurpers vim lawv nqa ntoo los ntawm lub hav zoov, thiab nws sim mus ntes, ces tua cov hobbits Merry, Pippin, thiab Frodo. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, Treebeard, uas yog phooj ywg rau cov neeg nyiam thiab yog tsob ntoo hlob tshaj plaws hauv hav zoov, hu nkauj txog "tus willow-meads ntawm Tasarinan."
- Harry Potter Series - Yog tias koj yog JK Rowling kiv cua, koj yuav nco ntsoov tias tus willow yog tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb hauv Harry Potter phau ntawv series. Lub Whomping Willow yog tsob ntoo nrog tus cwj pwm uas nyob ntawm Hogwarts thaj chaw thiab tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau lub qhov taub uas coj mus rau Shrieking Shack qhov twg xibfwb Lupine mus thaum nws hloov mus ua tus hma.
Kev ntseeg, Ntsujplig, thiab Mythology
tsob ntoo quaj quaj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab mythology thoob plaws ntiaj teb, ob qho tib si thaum ub thiab niaj hnub. Txoj kev zoo nkauj, meej mom, thiab kev tshav ntuj ntawm tsob ntoo evokes kev xav, kev xav, thiab kev koom tes uas khiav lub gamut ntawm melancholy mus khawv koob kom muaj zog.
- Judaism thiab Christianity - Hauv Vajluskub, Phau Ntawv Nkauj 137 hais txog cov willows uas cov neeg Yudais uas raug ntes nyob hauv Npanpiloo tau dai lawv lub suab thaum quaj ntsuag rau cov neeg Ixayees, lawv lub tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau xav tias cov ntoo no tej zaum yuav yog poplars. Willows kuj pom nyob rau hauv phau Vajlugkub li harbiners ntawm ruaj khov thiab nyob mus ib txhis thaum ib tug yaj saub nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Ezekiel cog ib noob "zoo li ib tug willow."
- Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws - Nyob rau hauv Greek mythology, lub willow mus tes-hauv-tes nrog khawv koob, khawv koob, thiab creativity. Hecate, ib tug ntawm cov haib tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, qhia witchcraft, thiab nws yog tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm lub willow thiab lub hli. Cov kws sau paj lug tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm Heliconian, tus willow-muse, thiab tus kws sau paj lug Orpheus tau mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nqa ceg ntawm tsob ntoo willow.
- Ancient Tuam Tshoj - Tsis tsuas yog cov willows loj hlob mus txog yim feet hauv ib xyoos, tab sis lawv kuj loj hlob tau yooj yim thaum koj tso ib ceg rau hauv av, thiab cov ntoo tuaj yeem caij nplooj ntoos hlav. rov qab txawm tias thaum lawv ua siab ntev txiav. Cov neeg Suav thaum ub tau sau tseg txog cov kev zoo no thiab pom cov willow ua lub cim ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag thiab kev rov ua dua tshiab.
- Native American sab ntsuj plig - Willow ntoo symbolized ntau yam rau Native American pab pawg neeg. Rau Arapaho, cov ntoo willow sawv cev rau lub neej ntev vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm loj hlob thiab regrowth. Rau lwm haiv neeg Mis Kas, willows signified tiv thaiv. Cov Karuks tau kho cov nplooj nplooj ntoo rau lawv lub nkoj los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm cua daj cua dub. Ntau pawg neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb California tau nqa cov ceg ntoo los tiv thaiv lawv sab ntsuj plig.
- Celtic mythology - Willows raug suav hais tias dawb huv los ntawm Druids, thiab rau Irish, lawv yog ib qho ntawm xya tsob ntoo dawb huv. Hauv Celtic mythology, willows yog txuam nrog kev hlub, fertility, thiab cov poj niam hluas txoj cai ntawm txoj kev.
Visual Art
Willows yog siv rau kev kos duab. Sketching charcoal feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo willow thiab ntoo. Txij li cov willows muaj ceg uas nkhaus mus rau hauv av thiab zoo li quaj, lawv feem ntau pom tias yog lub cim ntawm kev tuag. Yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib cov duab kos duab thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm lub sijhawm Victorian, qee zaum koj tuaj yeem pom lub ntees tuag kos duab ua kev nco txog kev tuag ntawm ib tug neeg los ntawm kev ua piv txwv ntawm lub suab quaj quaj.
Ob tswv yim thiab khawv koob
Weeping willow ntoo yog khoom plig zoo rau tib neeg vim lawv txoj kev zoo siab ua ke ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab paub tsis meej. Lawv cov nplooj loj loj thiab ntau cov nplooj ua rau lawv cov ntoo zoo nkauj uas nyob ib puag ncig los muab chaw nkaum, kev nplij siab, thiab ntxoov ntxoo. Nrog lawv txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab kev tshav ntuj, lawv txaus siab rau qhov kev xav, ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob, thiab txhawb lub siab thiab tus ntsuj plig.
