![Anqitue lub koob yees duab tsim Anqitue lub koob yees duab tsim](https://i.lifeloveeveryday.com/images/004/image-1828-6-j.webp)
Txawm hais tias kev hloov pauv thaum ntxov ntawm cov thawv tsaus nrog cov pinholes tau nyob ib puag ncig ntau tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo, thawj lub koob yees duab uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab nrog lub teeb tau tsim tsawg dua 200 xyoo dhau los. Txij thaum ntawd los, muaj ntau yam ua ntej, suav nrog thawj lub koob yees duab los tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws, thawj zaug siv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, thiab txawm tias thawj zaug tsim cov ntaub ntawv digital. Nws yog qhov txaus nyiam kawm txog kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej zoo nkauj no.
Thawj Lub Koob Yees Duab los tsim ib Daim Duab: Niépce
Lub koob yees duab obscura, ib lub cuab yeej sau los ntawm Aristotle ntau tshaj 2, 300 xyoo dhau los thiab tejzaum nws siv los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo li Vermeer, yog poj koob yawm txwv rau lub koob yees duab yees duab; Txawm li cas los xij, raws li Oxford English Dictionary, lub koob yees duab yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim cov duab ntawm zaj duab xis, ntawv, lossis lwm qhov nruab nrab. Qhov teeb meem loj ntawm lub koob yees duab obscura yog tias nws tsim lub teeb nkaus xwb; Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom khaws cov duab. Qhov ntawd txhua yam hloov pauv hauv 1826 lossis 1827 thaum Yauxej Nicéphore Niépce hloov kho lub koob yees duab obscura kom tuaj yeem tsim cov duab thaij duab.
Nws Ua Haujlwm
Txhawm rau tsim thawj daim duab nrog nws lub koob yees duab, Niépce tau sim nrog ntau hom phaj sib txawv, suav nrog ntawv, kua roj vanish-coated vellum, thiab hlau. Nws coated cov phiaj nrog ib hom asph alt thiab saib seb lawv puas cuam tshuam los ntawm lub hnub, hu nws cov kev sim "heliography" lossis hnub sau ntawv. Nws sim ntau zaus los tsim cov duab hauv lub koob yees duab obscura, tab sis nws pom tias cov duab ploj mus sai. Thaum kawg, nws tau nyob ntawm lub phaj pewter, zawv zawg rau hauv qab ntawm lub koob yees duab obscura, thiab tsim cov duab uas tseem muaj sia nyob niaj hnub no.
The Result
Txawm hais tias Niépce lub koob yees duab tsim cov duab tas mus li, cov duab ntawd tsis muaj tseeb. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog qhov pom ntawm lub qhov rais, tab sis tsis muaj kev paub txog qhov nws tab tom saib, tus neeg saib niaj hnub yuav muaj teeb meem ua rau kev nkag siab ntawm qhov chaw. Tseem, nws yog ib qho kev txhim kho tseem ceeb heev uas ua rau Niépce tus tsim thawj lub koob yees duab los tsim cov duab tiag tiag.
Thawj Lub Koob Yees Duab Ua Lag Luam Ua Tau Zoo: Daguerre
![daguerreotype koob yees duab daguerreotype koob yees duab](https://i.lifeloveeveryday.com/images/004/image-1828-7-j.webp)
Hmoov tsis zoo, Niépce lub koob yees duab tsis yog kev lag luam zoo. Nws tsis kam nthuav tawm cov txheej txheem uas nws tau siv los tsim cov duab, thiab cov duab tsis meej thiab nthuav dav. Nws tau mus koom nrog ib tug txiv neej hu ua Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre nyob rau hauv 1829, thiab ob tug txiv neej tau ua hauj lwm ua ke los kho cov txheej txheem thiab ua kom nws ua lag luam zoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, Niépce tuag hauv 1833 thiab tsis tau pom qhov kev lag luam loj loj Daguerre pom tau los ntawm kev hloov kho nws tus qauv qub.
Nws Ua Haujlwm
Siv tib cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm lub thawv uas tso rau hauv lub teeb los ntawm lub qhov me me, Daguerre tsim lub koob yees duab uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab zoo kawg nkaus rau ntawm daim ntawv polished ntawm cov nyiaj-plated tooj liab uas tau sensitized siv vaporized iodine. Nws muab lub phaj tso rau tom qab ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab tom qab ntawd nthuav tawm nws rau ob peb feeb. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau tsim cov duab siv cov pa mercury thiab "tso" nws los yog ua kom ruaj khov nrog sodium thiosulphate.
The Result
Daguerre lub koob yees duab thiab cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav sai sai. Vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov duab sai sai thiab nthuav dav, lawv tau txais yuav thoob ntiaj teb. Daguerre tau los ua neeg nplua nuj thiab muaj koob npe nrov hauv ntiaj teb txawm tias tom qab nws tuag hauv 1851. Ntau lub daguerreotypes tseem muaj sia nyob niaj hnub no hauv tsev neeg archives, tsev cia puav pheej, thiab tsev qiv ntawv.
First Consumer Camera: Eastman
![Vintage Kodak Vintage Kodak](https://i.lifeloveeveryday.com/images/004/image-1828-8-j.webp)
Tau ntau xyoo, ntau lwm txoj kev phaj tau nrov rau kev tsim cov duab nrog lub koob yees duab. Muaj tintypes thiab iav daim hlau, thiab thaum kawg, cov kws yees duab pib luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev yees duab tseem tsuas yog rau cov kws tshaj lij lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws. Nws tsis yog txog 1889 thaum George Eastman tau tsim lub koob yees duab Kodak No. 1 uas cov neeg niaj hnub tuaj yeem pib siv lub koob yees duab los ntes lawv lub sijhawm tseem ceeb.
Nws Ua Haujlwm
Kodak No. 1 yog lub thawv xim av loj nrog lub ntsiab lus winding nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws thiab lub lens nyob rau pem hauv ntej. Cov neeg siv khoom tau yuav nws li ntawm $ 25 (ntau tshaj $ 620 hauv cov nyiaj niaj hnub no) ua ntej nrog 100 txhaj tshuaj tsim nyog ntawm zaj duab xis. Cov neeg siv khoom yuav siv nws los thaij 100 duab thiab xa rov qab mus rau Kodak kom tsim thiab rov ua dua, txheej txheem uas raug nqi txog $ 10. Cov duab tshwm sim tau puag ncig.
The Result
Ib ntsia ntawm ib tsev neeg daim duab album tuaj yeem qhia koj li cas qhov kev tsim kho no hloov kev yees duab. Nws coj lub koob yees duab tawm ntawm lub studio yees duab thiab mus rau hauv tsev, ua rau cov duab uas ntes tau lub neej tiag tiag. Raws li xyoo dhau los, cov neeg siv khoom siv lub koob yees duab txuas ntxiv tau tsim kho dua tshiab thiab ua kom zoo dua qub, tab sis nws yog Kodak No. 1 uas ua rau kev yees duab zoo li qub.
Thawj Lub Koob Yees Duab: Sasson
![Thawj lub koob yees duab digital Thawj lub koob yees duab digital](https://i.lifeloveeveryday.com/images/004/image-1828-9-j.webp)
Lub koob yees duab thev naus laus zis tau hloov pauv ntau xyoo raws li cov hlau thiab iav daim hlau muab txoj hauv kev rau zaj duab xis. Tseem, yeej ib txwm muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub teeb thiab lub cev khoom nws ua rau. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1975, Eastman Kodak engineer hu ua Steve Sasson tau tsim thawj lub koob yees duab digital.
Nws Ua Haujlwm
Sasson tau sib sau ua ke nws cov qauv digital lub koob yees duab los ntawm qee qhov Motorola, ob peb lub sensors, 16 nickel cadmium roj teeb, digital tape recorder, thiab lens ntawm Kodak movie koob yees duab. Lub yim-phaus behemoth ntes cov duab dub thiab dawb ntawm 0.01 mega-pixels, txhua tus siv 23 vib nas this los tsim. Txhawm rau saib lawv, Sasson thiab lwm tus kws ua haujlwm Kodak yuav tsum tau tsim lub vijtsam tshwj xeeb.
The Result
Txawm tias Kodak xaiv tsis tsim Sasson tus qauv kev lag luam, lub koob yees duab digital yog txoj hauv kev rau yav tom ntej. Raws li Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Lub Koob Yees Duab thiab Duab Duab, 24, 190 lub koob yees duab digital tseem raug xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv xyoo 2016. Qhov no suav nrog cov koob yees duab taw tes thiab tua, nrog rau DSLRs, tab sis nws tsis suav nrog ntau lub koob yees duab xov tooj ntawm tes siv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom..
Muaj Zoo Kawg "Thawj"
Los ntawm ib lub thawv yooj yim uas tsim qhov muag plooj, faint duab ntawm lub phaj pewter mus rau lub koob yees duab digital qhov loj ntawm lub toaster, muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb "thawj" thaum nws los txog rau lub koob yees duab invention. Txhua qhov kev txhim kho tau hloov lub ntiaj teb kev yees duab mus ib txhis, thiab nws yog qhov nthuav kom nco ntsoov thaum koj txhaj tshuaj tom ntej.