Kev nkag siab Limoges Tuam Tshoj cov cim qhia tuaj yeem pab koj txiav txim siab nws lub hnub nyoog thiab tus nqi.
Kev zoo nkauj muag ntawm cov khoom qub Limoges suav teb ua noj ua haus ua rau nws nrhiav tau los ntawm cov neeg khaws khoom qub hauv Suav teb. Thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev txiav txim siab yog tias koj muaj ib daim ntawm cov haujlwm zoo nkauj no yog saib ntawm Limoges Tuam Tshoj cov cim rau kev txheeb xyuas.
Limoges Tuam Tshoj yog dab tsi?
Ntau tus neeg tshiab los sau cov khoom qub hauv Suav teb tsis paub tias lo lus Limoges tsis yog hais txog cov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb. Limoges tiag tiag yog hais txog thaj chaw hauv Fab Kis qhov chaw uas cov plooj (porcelain) raug tsim tawm.
History of Limoges China
Keeb kwm ntawm Limoges Tuam Tshoj pib thaum lig 1700s thaum kaolin pom nyob rau hauv St. Yreix, nyob ze lub nroog Limoges hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Fabkis hu ua Limousin. Kaolin, tseem hu ua Tuam Tshoj av nplaum, yog cov av nplaum xim daj uas zoo li yuav luag dawb. Cov av nplaum no tau pom thawj zaug hauv Suav teb thiab siv los ua cov plooj (porcelain) ntau pua xyoo dhau los hauv 800s thiab 900s. Kev tshawb pom ntawm kaolin hauv Fab Kis txhais tau tias Fabkis cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem tsim cov plooj (porcelain) zoo li zoo li cov plooj (porcelain) ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Limoges Tuam Tshoj yog tias tsis muaj ob daim yuav zoo ib yam vim kev tua hluav taws thiab kev tsim khoom.
Limoges China Production
Thawj daim ntawm Limoges khoom noj khoom haus tau tsim nyob rau hauv Sèvres porcelain Hoobkas thiab tau cim nrog huab tais crests. Vajntxwv yuav lub Hoobkas sai sai tom qab nws tau tsim los tsim cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj koob muaj npe plooj (porcelain) uas txuas ntxiv mus txog rau thaum nws tau txais lub tebchaws tom qab Fabkis Revolution. Muaj li ntawm 27 lwm Limoges Tuam Tshoj Hoobkas hauv Fab Kis, suav nrog:
- Bernardaud thiab Company
- Charles Tharaud
- Coffee
- Flambeau
- Guerin-Pouyat-Elite LTD
- Haviland
- JP&L
- A. Lanternier & Co.
- Laviolette
- Martial Reardon
- Martin Freres thiab kwv tij
- Paroutaud Freres
- Serpaut
- Cov neeg tseem ceeb ua haujlwm
- Tressemann & Vogt (T&V)
How to Identify Limoges China Marks
Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb ib daim ntawm Tuam Tshoj yog qhov tseeb Limoges antique los ntawm kev nrhiav cov cim rau hauv qab ntawm daim. Qhov no suav nrog tsis yog cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab vases nkaus xwb tab sis cov thawv khaws cia ib yam nkaus. Cov cim koj yuav tsum pom yog:
French Government Mark
Ib lub cim tseem ceeb los ntawm tsoomfwv Fab Kis tej zaum yuav nyob ntawm qee daim. Qhov no feem ntau yuav yog ib lub voj voog uas hais tias "Limoges Goût de Ville." Yog tias tsis muaj lub cim npe, koj yuav pom "L" rau Limoges.
Tsoomfwv Mark
Koj tuaj yeem pom zoo ib yam li lub studio lossis cov chaw tsim khoom kos npe uas xaiv tus neeg tsim khoom. Qee qhov chaw ua lag luam feem ntau yog:
- Louis XIV lub Hoobkas siv lub koob npe nrov, lossis cypher, nrog lub ntsej muag zoo li lawv lub cim.
- "AE" yog lub cim ntawm Allund Hoobkas (1797 txog 1868).
- CHF, CHF/GDM lossis CH Field Haviland, Limoges yog cov cim ntawm Haviland factories los ntawm 1868 txog 1898.
- Porcelaine, Haviland & Co. Limoges, GDA, H&CO/Depose, H&CO/L, los yog Theodore Haviland, Limoges, Fabkis yog cov cim ntawm Haviland factories tom qab 1898.
- Qee lub tuam txhab me me tsuas yog cov npe xws li "M. Redon" (1853), "A. Lanternier" (1885), thiab "C. Ahrenfeldt" lossis "Fabkis CA Depose" (1886).
- "Elite France" lossis "Elite Works France" yog lub cim rau Elite Works. Pib xyoo 1892 nws yog dub. Nco ntsoov tias txij xyoo 1900 txog 1914, lub cim no tau los ntawm dub mus rau liab thiab los ntawm 1920 txog 1932, nws yog ntsuab.
- Latrile Freres lub cim yog lub hnub qub nrog lub voj voog uas hais tias L I M O G E S thiab "Fabkis."
- Martin Freres thiab cov kwv tij kuj tsis siv lawv lub npe. Lawv lub cim yog ib tug noog nrog ib tug ribbon nrog "Fabkis" luam tawm ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm ribbon.
- R. Laporte lub cim yog "RL / L" nrog lub cim ntawm npauj npaim.
- Coronet lub cim yog lub kaus mom nrog lub npe "Coronet" hauv xiav lossis ntsuab.
Artist lub npe
Koj kuj tuaj yeem pom tus kws kos duab lub npe uas txhais tes pleev xim rau daim uas yuav suav nrog lub thwj uas hais tias nws tau pleev xim rau tes. Ib daim ntawv qhia txog qhov nws tau tsim yuav tshwm sim xws li:
- Paint main txhais tau tias daim ntawv yog xuas tes pleev xim.
- Decor lub ntsiab txhais tau tias nws tau pleev xim ib nrab.
- Rehausse lub ntsiab txhais tau tias tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb tau ntxiv los ntawm tes.
Limoges Reproduction Marks
Tseem muaj kev tsim tawm ntawm Limoges plooj (porcelain) uas yuav tshwm sim rau lub qhov muag uas tsis tau kawm los ua cov khoom qub qub, tab sis lawv tsis yog. Cov cim ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem dag yog tias koj tsis paub txog Limoges porcelain keeb kwm. Cov cim kev tsim tawm ib txwm yuav hais tias:
- T&V Limoges France
- Limoges Tuam Tshoj, ROC
- ROC LIMOGES China
Limoges Tuam Tshoj Pattern Identification
Ntxiv rau cov cim rau hauv qab ntawm cov plooj (porcelain pieces), koj tuaj yeem siv cov qauv tsim los txiav txim seb nws puas yog Limoges antique tiag. Ntau lub studios thiab manufacturers siv lawv tus kheej cov qauv uas lawv tau paub txog. Cov qauv no muaj cov npe thiab ntau zaus tus lej uas koj tuaj yeem siv los saib hauv phau ntawv suav suav. Qee qhov piv txwv yog:
A. Lanternier Cov Qauv
A. Lanternier siv scrolling floral qauv ntawm ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau nrog rau kub los yog nyiaj trim ntawm cov npoo ntawm daim. Cov npe qauv feem ntau suav nrog ib sab ntawm lub tuam txhab cov cim xws li "Empress," "Brabant" lossis "Fougere Idienne." Lawv kuj tau paub txog qee qhov kev ua tsov rog uas cuam tshuam txog Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 hu ua La Grande Guerre Dessins de Job.
Coronet Limoges Patterns
Cov qauv Coronet Limoges yog qhov xwm txheej thiab tua tsiaj uas muaj cov noog thiab lwm yam noog, ntses thiab tsiaj qus. Lawv kuj feem ntau nthuav cov paj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog roses, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kub trim ntawm lub rims thiab scalloped npoo yog ib tug nquag tsim.
Haviland Tuam Tshoj Patterns
Muaj kwv yees li 60,000 Haviland suav teb cov qauv thiab ntau yam tsis muaj npe, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua ntej xyoo 1926. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov piv txwv ntawm Haviland cov qauv hauv cov phau ntawv sau muaj los ntawm cov tswv lag luam thiab cov neeg sau khoom, nrog rau Haviland Collectors International Foundation. Tus lej Schleiger yog tus lej uas tau muab rau txhua tus qauv los ntawm Schleiger tsev neeg, Haviland cov tswv lag luam uas tau teev tag nrho cov qauv tsim ntawm Haviland. Cov qauv ntawm Haviland feem ntau nthuav tawm cov qauv paj nrog cov xim kub, tab sis qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim nrog tib tus qauv yog qhov dav.
Identifying Authentic Limoges China Marks
Limoges Tuam Tshoj yog lub npe hu ua lub zoo tshaj plaws tawv-paste Tuam Tshoj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab cov artistry nyob rau hauv cov khoom no yog lub ntiaj teb no renowned. Thaum koj tuaj yeem nqa koj daim ntawv mus rau tus neeg soj ntsuam antiques rau kev txheeb xyuas, thawj kauj ruam hauv kev txheeb xyuas nws yog saib cov cim hauv qab lossis sab nraum qab ntawm daim. Yog tias koj tuaj yeem pom lub cim Limoges Tuam Tshoj, qhov no yog qhov cim zoo uas koj tuaj yeem muaj ib qho ntawm cov khoom qub qub no.
