Txawm hais tias koj muaj phau ntawv qub hauv qab nthab, tab tom yuav khoom ntawm lub khw muag khoom qub qub, lossis tab tom xav pib qhov nyiam ntawm kev sau phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj, koj yuav xav paub seb yuav txheeb xyuas phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj li cas. Qee phau ntawv sawv tawm vim lawv lub hnub nyoog lossis koob meej, tab sis ntau phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj me ntsis nyuaj rau pom. Nrog ob peb lub tswv yim thiab kev nkag siab zoo dua ntawm qhov ua rau phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj, koj yuav nyob hauv txoj haujlwm zoo los txheeb xyuas cov phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj thaum koj pom lawv.
Phau Ntawv Tsis Muaj Dab Tsi?
Muaj ntau phau ntawv uas qub, qub, lossis txawv txawv, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias ib qho ntawm lawv yog phau ntawv tsawg. Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev faib tawm ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj phau ntawv, phau ntawv yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov txheej txheem. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej, uas tau sib cav ntau zaus hauv cov phau ntawv bibliophiles, uas ua rau tsis meej pem txog qhov uas suav tias yog phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj.
Raws li National Library of Scotland, lub ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj tsis meej. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib phau ntawv uas nyuaj rau nrhiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim nws hnub luam ntawv, txwv cov ntawv luam tawm, lossis keeb kwm kev txaus siab. Txawm hais tias cov no yog qee zaum cov txheej txheem los txheeb xyuas phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj, nws tsis yog ib txwm muaj.
Yam Uas Ua Tau Phau Ntawv Tsis Muaj
Muaj lwm yam uas yuav ua rau phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj xws li:
- First edition- Thawj phau ntawv nto moo lossis phau ntawv tseem ceeb yuav tsis tshua muaj nqis.
- Sau npe - Ib phau ntawv yuav tsis tshua muaj yog tias nws tau kos npe lossis kos npe los ntawm tus sau lossis tus neeg muaj qhov tseem ceeb.
- Provenance - Yog hais tias ib tug neeg nto moo yav tas los muaj phau ntawv lossis zaj dab neeg ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm raug sau tseg thiab nthuav, nws tuaj yeem muaj pov thawj thiab tsis tshua muaj.
- Special txaus siab - Ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb txaus siab lossis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm phau ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev sib txuas zoo lossis tseem ceeb, kev kos duab tshwj xeeb, cov duab kos los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb lossis cov duab kos ntxiv, tus qauv tsim tshwj xeeb lossis txawv txawv, lossis zoo luam ntawv lossis typography.
- Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev tsis zoo - Cov no tuaj yeem suav nrog cov ntawv dej lossis cov ntawv luam tawm thiab tseem siv cov xovxwm tshwj xeeb xws li Bozart Xovxwm.
- Exceptional condition - Cov xwm txheej ntawm phau ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws yog ib qho ntawm ob peb phau ntawv zoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntshaw
Ib yam li tus nqi ntawm phau ntawv yog txheeb ze rau kev muab khoom thiab kev thov, ntau zaus, qhov tsis tshua muaj ntawm phau ntawv tsis txhais tau tias nws suav tias yog "phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj." Muaj ntau phau ntawv uas tsis tshua muaj pes tsawg, yuav luag tsis tau pom hauv kev sib tw lossis lwm qhov, thiab suav tias tsis muaj nqis vim tsis muaj leej twg xav tau. Yuav kom ua tau ib phau ntawv tsawg, nws yuav tsum yog phau ntawv uas tib neeg xav tau.
How to Identify a Rare Book
Txawm hais tias qee zaum nws tsis meej pem, muaj qee yam uas yuav tsum tau nrhiav thaum sim txheeb xyuas phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj. Yog tias koj tab tom siv cov khw muag phau ntawv, khw muag khoom noj, lossis cov khw muag khoom qub, cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem pab koj txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj khoom muaj nqis ntawm koj txhais tes.
1. Tshawb xyuas txhua yam txawv txav thiab tshwj xeeb
Ntawm koj thawj zaug dhau ntawm lub khw muag ntawv tsis tshua muaj, khw muag khoom, lossis lwm lub khw muag khoom, nrhiav tej yam uas txawv txawv ntawm phau ntawv. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ua rau phau ntawv xav tau, thiab nws yuav tsum yog qee yam uas tib neeg xav tau kom tsis tshua muaj. Saib rau hauv qab no:
- Zoo, zoo khis
- Special art
- Txoj hlua khi hauv qhov zoo
- Phau ntawv uas sawv tawm rau lawv txoj kev zoo nkauj
- Ib daim duab pem hauv ntej (ib daim duab ua los ntawm tes ntawm qhov kawg ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv kaw tawm sab nraub qaum)
2. Nrhiav Kos Npe
khaws phau ntawv thiab saib thawj ob peb nplooj ntawv kom zoo zoo. Tshawb xyuas kos npe. Yog tias ib phau ntawv kos npe, nws yuav tsis tshua muaj. Qee tus kws sau ntawv kos npe rau ntau cov ntawv luam, tab sis muaj lwm tus uas tsis tshua tau kos npe rau phau ntawv. Cov phau ntawv sau npe laus los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv uas tau tuag yuav muaj tsawg dua.
3. Figure Out if It's a First Edition
Vim tias phau ntawv yog thawj zaug, uas yog thawj phau ntawv luam tawm, tsis ua rau nws tsawg. Txhua phau ntawv luam tawm muaj thawj zaug. Phau ntawv yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li lwm cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau muab cais ua ib tsab ntawv tsis tshua muaj. Qhov teeb meem uas tshwm sim yog tias tsis muaj ib qho kev sib txuam ntawm cov lej siv los ntawm cov tshaj tawm. Tej zaum yuav raug xaiv luam tawm rau cov ntawv tom qab tab sis tsis yog rau thawj tsab. Qhov no feem ntau ua rau kev txheeb xyuas thawj tsab ntawv tsis meej pem rau cov neeg sau txawm tias lawv yog cov novice lossis muaj kev paub.
Qee yam ntawm cov tshaj tawm siv los txheeb xyuas lawv cov phau ntawv raws li thawj zaug suav nrog:
- Yog hnub tim ntawm nplooj ntawv copyright thiab nplooj ntawv npe tib yam
- Cov lus "thawj tsab, "" thawj qhov kev xav, "" thawj luam ntawv," lossis "luam tawm" ntawm nplooj ntawv muaj cai
- Ib tug xov tooj tshwj xeeb hu ua tus lej kab
Vim tias txhua tus tshaj tawm siv lawv tus kheej txoj kev kos lawv thawj zaug, txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los txiav txim siab tias phau ntawv yog thawj tsab yog siv phau ntawv qhia lossis phau ntawv sau txog tus sau. Ib qho kev qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txheeb xyuas cov phau ntawv thawj zaug yog Phau Ntawv Qhia Pocket rau Kev Qhia Txog Thawj Tsab Ntawv los ntawm Bill McBride.
4. Saib rau Limited Editions
Txawm tias phau ntawv tsis yog thawj zaug, cov phau ntawv luam tawm tsawg dua 500 thiab cov ntawv txwv kuj tseem tsawg. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv zoo li "copy X ntawm Y" lossis zoo sib xws. Qhov no qhia tau tias tsuas yog ob peb phau ntawv tau luam tawm xwb.
5. Tshawb xyuas Hnub Luam Ntawv
Feem ntau, cov phau ntawv qub yuav muaj tsawg dua li phau ntawv tshiab. Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias txhua phau ntawv qub yog qhov xav tau, tab sis nws yog qhov chaw pib. Tshawb xyuas thaum phau ntawv tau luam tawm. Qhov no tsis yog tib yam li cov cai, vim hais tias yog hais txog tus kws sau ntawv txoj cai ua tswv ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Hloov chaw, nrhiav hnub luam ntawv.
6. Tshawb xyuas txhua yam koj tus kheej sau
Ntau tus neeg uas sau cov phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj tshwj xeeb hauv qee yam tshwj xeeb. Yog tias muaj qee yam koj sau, xws li cov phau ntawv los ntawm ib tus kws sau ntawv tshwj xeeb lossis cov phau ntawv ntawm qee lub ntsiab lus xws li kev tshawb fawb, ua ib feem ntawm koj cov txheej txheem txheeb xyuas phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj.
Rare Book Identification Resources
Txawm hais tias nws yuav zoo li nyuaj kawm yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj, muaj ntau yam zoo los pab. Yog tias koj xav kawm ntxiv txog kev txheeb xyuas cov phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj lossis koj xav tau nrhiav ib lub npe tshwj xeeb, sim ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tsis Muaj Phau Ntawv nyob hauv University of Virginia muaj cov kev kawm hauv ntau yam ntsiab lus hais txog cov phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj thiab qub. Cov chav kawm khiav ntev li tsib hnub thiab feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv Charlottesville, Virginia. Kuj tseem muaj cov chav kawm nyob hauv B altimore, Washington DC thiab New York City. Nov yog ib qho chaw zoo heev rau cov neeg sau ntawv loj lossis cov neeg muag ntawv.
- Book Poi - Phau Ntawv Poi yog ib qho chaw zoo uas sau ntau txhiab lub npe thiab muab cov lus qhia txog kev txheeb xyuas cov ntawv theej tsawg. Koj yuav pom txhua yam ntawm cov menyuam phau ntawv mus rau cov ntawv kho mob.
- Abe Books - Txawm hais tias Abe Books yog ib lub khw muag khoom online, nws kuj muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv zoo txog kev txheeb xyuas cov npe tshwj xeeb thiab txiav txim siab seb phau ntawv twg tsis tshua muaj lossis muaj txiaj ntsig. Koj tuaj yeem saib lub npe lossis tus sau phau ntawv thiab pom cov duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntawv luam uas tsis tshua muaj.
Make a Rare Book "Wish List"
Txawm hais tias nws lom zem los saib los ntawm pawg ntawm cov phau ntawv kom pom qee qhov tsis tshua muaj, nws kuj zoo heev uas muaj qee lub npe tshwj xeeb hauv siab ntawm "xav npe." Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tau tshwj xeeb yog tias koj muaj sijhawm tsawg lossis ntau phau ntawv los txheeb xyuas. Yog tias koj nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, sau cov npe ntawm cov phau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig los nrhiav ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus lossis cov khw muag khoom noj thiab ua rau koj qhov kev tshawb fawb zoo dua. Armed nrog ib daim ntawv teev npe, koj yuav nyiam kev lom zem ntawm kev yos hav zoov.
