Siv cov khoom siv ntsuab muaj txiaj ntsig sab nraud ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib puag ncig. Nws tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv, kev tsim khoom, thiab qee zaum txawm tias lub hnab ris. Xav txog cov ntaub ntawv raws li lawv qhov chaw.
Grown and Renewable Material
Cov khoom siv tsim vaj tsev uas yog ntuj tsim, thiab tuaj yeem cog qoob loo yog ib qho nrov tshaj plaws hauv vaj tsev ntsuab, vim lawv tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab, thiab ntau zaus xav tau me me lossis tsis ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem rov siv dua tom qab siv.
Ntoo
Ntoo cov khoom siv hauv tsev tseem nrov. Nws yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov muaj kev ruaj ntseg tshaj plaws. Nws yuav tsum tau ua me ntsis ua rau nws tsis muaj zog-embodied. Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Cheeb Tsam (EPA) pom zoo kom siv cov ntoo uas tau lees paub los ntawm cov koom haum lees paub tias kev sau qoob loo thiab qhov chaw tsis ua rau cov hav zoov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov ntawv pov thawj no tseem xav kom cov ntoo tsis raug kho los ntawm "cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj lom neeg, txheej txheej, tshuaj tua kab, thiab tshuaj tua kab."
Thoob ntiaj teb muaj 50 lub koom haum lees paub thiab 15,000 tuam txhab uas muag siv cov ntawv pov thawj los ntawm 700 lab acres ntawm hav zoov ib tsab ntawv sau tseg. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees Hav Zoov (FSC), Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Lij Hav Zoov (SFI), thiab Green Globes yog qee lub koom haum muab ntawv pov thawj tseem ceeb. American Wood Council muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov kev cai siv hauv ntau lub xeev rau cov khoom ntoo. Ntoo muaj ntau yam kev siv.
- Structur althiab thauj khoom cov khoom xws li kab teeb rau lub ru tsev, phab ntsa trusses, panels
- Non-structural elements zoo li qhov rais trim, qhov rooj, txee, flooring, phab ntsa facades, thiab rooj tog
Ntoo yog npaj txhij muaj nyob rau ntawm lumberyards thoob plaws lub teb chaws, yog li hu mus saib dab tsi muaj ntawv pov thawj ntau yam koj lub zos sawv daws nqa.
Bamboo
Bamboo siv sijhawm tsib mus rau xya xyoo kom loj hlob zoo li 50-100 xyoo ntawm lwm cov ntoo xws li maple thiab ntoo qhib siv rau hauv pem teb hardwood. Qhov no ua rau nws ib puag ncig zoo. Ib txhia xyoob kuj nyuaj dua li cov ntoo qhib liab. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qee qhov ntub dej thiab txawm tias nws yooj yim rau khawb, tuaj yeem rov qab tau yooj yim kom tshem tawm qhov hnav thiab tsim kua muag thiab saib tshiab dua. Homedit pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas Forest Stewardship Council daim ntawv pov thawj kom paub tseeb tias cov khoom raug khaws tau ruaj khov thiab kev kho mob tom qab ntawd yuav tsis tsim cov pa phem.
Nws ntau xim ua rau nws xaiv zoo thiab pheej yig hauv pem teb thiab siv los ua cov txee thiab rooj tog.
Cork
Cork yog sau los ntawm tsob ntoo, yog li tsob ntoo nws tus kheej tsis raug txiav. Cov tawv ntoo yuav siv sijhawm li ntawm xya xyoo kom rov loj hlob, yog li nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau ib puag ncig. Cork kuj yog ib txwm hypoallergenic thiab anti-microbial. Nws tus nqi kuj yog kev sib tw, sau rau Floor Critics, uas xav tias nws yog tag nrho ib qho kev xaiv txaus nyiam. Nws yog dav muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam.
Nws tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv pem teb vim nws muaj cov suab nrov zoo thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab rau kev poob siab, taw qhia Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Michigan (UM, pg. 40).
Palm
Xibtes panels thiab boards yog tsim los ntawm txiv maj phaub los yog qab zib xibtes stems tom qab tsob ntoo dhau los nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xyoo. Cov ntoo uas muaj hnub nyoog li 100 xyoo tuaj yeem siv tau thiab cov khoom siv raw tuaj ntawm Asia. Xibtes yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau paneling, veneer, thiab flooring raws li Tsev Tsev. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas los ntawm Durapalm.
Siv cov khoom siv eco-phooj ywg no tuaj yeem pab tau kom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj LEED, vim nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab ua rau tsis muaj pa phem. LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) daim ntawv pov thawj yog rau kev tsim cov haujlwm uas ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim los ntawm US Green Building Council.
Tabsis
Cov ru tsev ua los ntawm cov quav nyab los ntawm cov dej reed, nplej reeds, straw ntev thiab ridges yog cov khoom qub qub, nrog lub neej expectancy ntawm 10-45 xyoo raws li Thatch Advice Center. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj ntau, nws tseem siv hauv UK.
Cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim
Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom ib leeg lossis ua ke nrog lwm tus. Lawv cov khoom, qhov zoo, thiab kev zoo nkauj yog sib npaug los yog ntau dua li cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov khoom siv ua vaj tse, yog li ntawd nws tsis yog cov neeg siv kev paub ntsuab uas tau xaiv rau lawv.
Sorghum
Sorghum yog cov nplej siab siab, uas nws cov ceg ntoo qis yog cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov qoob loo lossis cov qoob loo uas tau hlawv ua ntej ua rau huab cua paug. Cov khib nyiab no tau raug siv los ua cov laug cam thiab cov vaj huam sib luag hu ua Kirei uas yog polished nrog ntuj resins kom nws khawb pov thawj ecologically ceeb toom Los Angeles Times. Nws yog siv rau hauv pem teb, vaj huam sib luag, thiab txee dai khaub ncaws TreeHugger.
Ua ib xyoos ib zaug uas yuav tsum tau lub hlis txij li germination mus rau sau, nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv txuas dua tshiab sai tshaj plaws; thiab nws tsis yog qias neeg vim nws tsis muaj VOCs thiab tsis muaj formaldehyde. Nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm loj hlob cov khoom no organically kom tau ib yam khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Nws cov koob meej tau loj hlob thiab raug muag los ntawm ntau qhov chaw xws li Green Building Supply thiab Kirei.
paj rwb rwb thaiv tsev
Paj rwb rwb thaiv tsev yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv paj rwb zoo li cov khoom seem ntawm denim thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov ris tsho, raws li HomeAdvisor. Nws yog feem ntau kho nrog boric acid kom nws fireproof thiab kab resistant. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau insulating cov tsev ntawm ntau hom. Hais txog kev ua tau zoo, nws zoo li cov pa fiberglass. Qhov tseeb, nws yeej muaj ob peb qhov zoo dua fiberglass, raws li nws tsis:
- Muaj formaldehyde zoo li tsoos fiberglass rwb thaiv tsev
- Ua rau daim tawv nqaij khaus lossis teeb meem ua pa.
Vim nws siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab uas yuav tau mus rau hauv qhov chaw pov tseg, cov khoom siv no tsim nyog tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj LEEDs, sau ntawv ProReferral. Nws muaj los ntawm UltraTouch Paj Rwb Rwb thaiv tsev. Nws yog bio-degradable thiab cov khoom siv tuaj yeem rov ua dua.
Paper
Ntawv yog cov khoom tsis yooj yim tab sis muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv tsev. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cellulose pulp, uas yog pov tseg ntoo thiab yog recyclable. Qee qhov nws siv yog:
- Sab hauv thiab sab nrauv phab ntsa nyob rau hauv Nyiv tau ua nrog ntawv. Txij li thaum Nyiv yog ib cheeb tsam uas muaj av qeeg, kev siv cov khoom siv teeb no ua rau tsis muaj lossis tsawg dua thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj. Muaj ntau hom kev tsim cov khoom tsim. Piv txwv li, Shoji yog ua los ntawm cov ntawv nrog ib tug ntoo ncej tsim ib tug zawv zawg vaj huam sib luag. Cov no tseem nrov li cov phab ntsa sab hauv tsev hauv Nyij Pooj niaj hnub, sau ntawv Nyiv Tham.
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Wallpapers rov qab los. Siv lub wallpaper lieu ntawm xim. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ntawv pov thawj wallpapers uas tsis emit VOCs, uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa wallpaper raws li Poplar.
Daim ntawv shoji phab ntsa
Biocomposites
Ntau cov fibers ntau zuj zus tau siv los ua biocomposites. Muaj ntau yam muaj xws li prefabricated particle boards. Cov no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntau tshaj ib yam khoom los muab cov khoom sib txuas, thiab khi los ntawm cov resins raws li kev tshawb fawb hauv University of Stanford. Cov no yog cov txuas txuas ntxiv, biodegradable, recyclable thiab ntau yam thiab cov khoom sib tov tau tshawb fawb tas li.
Cov khoom yog muab los ntawm cov qoob loo residue ua siv pov tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias qhov kev thov nce siab, ntau cov qoob loo uas tau txais txiaj ntsig txhua xyoo thiab txhua xyoo tau loj hlob tshwj xeeb los ua bio-composites. Cov khoom siv cog siv los ua cov biocomposites los ntawm:
- Bast fibers muab tau los ntawm flax, hemp, jute, kenaf, miscanthus, cane, qoob loo straw, xyoob, cordgrass, thiab lwm yam raws li lub Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
- Nplooj fibers los ntawm sisal, txiv tsawb, thiab xibtes
- Cov noob fibers xws li paj rwb, coir thiab kapok, raws li FAO
Muab ntau hom kev npaj txhij rau ntawm kev ua lag luam, ntau yam kev siv yog dav. Biocomposites tau hloov pauv roj av thiab hluavtaws fiber ntau ntxiv. 3-D luam ntawv ntawm cov tsev lossis cov khoom siv bio-composites tau sim hauv Netherlands hauv 2016. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas kev tshawb fawb (pg. 23, 24, 25, 26), biocomposites yog siv raws li:
- Cov yam ntxwv xws li kab teeb, vaj huam sib luag rau lub ru tsev load-bearing thiab phab ntsa trusses, thiab paneling
- Cov khoom siv tsis yog lub tsev xws li cov vuas vov lossis cov ntawv, phab ntsa thiab qab nthab, phab ntsa thiab pem teb npog, qhov rooj, qhov rais, thiab txee
Natural Linoleum
Natural linoleum yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim uas tuaj yeem cog thiab rov ua dua tshiab xws li linseed roj, cork thiab ntoo hmoov tov nrog resin binders thiab pigments. Nws xav tau lub zog tsawg, thiab tuaj yeem muab pov tseg yam tsis muaj teeb meem, ceeb toom UM (pg. 40). Nws yog siv rau flooring.
Cov ntaub pua plag
Cov ntaub pua plag ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim, los ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li paj rwb lossis sisal thiab tsiaj keeb kwm zoo li ntaub plaub, yog ntsuab tag nrho raws li Cadrillo Community College (pg. 12). Lawv tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab tsis tawm cov co toxins. Lawv tuaj yeem tau yooj yim rov ua dua li cov khoom siv organic thaum kawg ntawm lawv lub neej voj voog. Nws yog ntau yam khoom siv hauv pem teb uas tuaj yeem hloov tau ntau zaus thiab yooj yim.
Natural Paints
Muaj ntau hom xim ntuj muaj nyob rau hauv khw uas tsis muaj VOCs thiab tsis muaj teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv. Ntau tus siv cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm siv xws li mis nyuj-raws li casein paints qhia UM (pg. 38). Lwm cov khoom siv los ua cov xim ntuj yog cov nroj tsuag, cov ntxhia, thiab av nplaum. Mineral thiab cog raws li xim xim muaj ntau yam xim. Mis raws li xim xav tau lub tsho tiv no ntawm linseed roj, tab sis yog resistant rau chipping. Cov xim av nplaum yog cov pwm resistant thiab kuj pab nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias raws li Greenopedia.
Cov xim ntuj, zoo li cov los ntawm BioShield, tuaj yeem kim dua li cov xim pleev xim thiab tsis muaj ntau yam xim uas cov xim pleev xim ua. Txawm li cas los xij lawv yog biodegradable.
Naturally Occurring Materials
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev feem ntau tau siv sijhawm ntev vim lawv yooj yim, thiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua.
Earth and Clay
Lub ntiaj teb thiab av nplaum yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev zoo tshaj plaws, vim lawv yuav tsum tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm, ua rau nws lub zog siv zog ua haujlwm zero sau ntawv Sustainable Materials. Lub ntiaj teb tuaj yeem pub dawb yog tias tau txais los ntawm qhov chaw, lossis them tus nqi thauj khoom me me yog tias tshem tawm hauv zos. Av nplaum yog ib hom av uas zoo textured thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm kaolinite elaborates Countryside Txhua Hnub. Av nplaum zoo li lub ntiaj teb yog dav muaj nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, thiab nrog kev tso cai tuaj yeem sau hauv zos lossis yuav hauv khw. Lub ntiaj teb tau siv ntau hom kev ua ke nrog cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb.
- Rammed earth homessiv formwork los ntawm panels li thav duab, thiab sib tov ntawm lub ntiaj teb, gravel, xuab zeb yog rammed. Tag nrho cov qauv nce txheej txheej, piav qhia txog ib qho Australian Government report. Qhov no yog cov khoom noj qab haus huv raws li nws 'ua pa' thiab tso cai rau kev txav ntawm huab cua hauv thiab tawm thiab pab kom sov thiab av noo. Nws yog hluav taws kub thiab kab tsuag tiv taus, ruaj khov, thiab nrov hauv thaj chaw av qeeg. Inhabitat qhia tias nrog cov ntoo txhim kho thiab lwm yam niaj hnub no, nws tseem yog qhov kev xaiv siv tau.
- Adobe bricks yog cov alternate rau burnt cib. Cov cib ua los ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab av nplaum yuav tsum tau raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv qhov cub uas siv ntoo thiab lub zog, txawm li cas los xij. Adobe yog cov txheej txheem uas cov av nkos lossis av nplaum sib xyaw ua ke hauv daim ntawv cib thiab sab laug kom qhuav hauv lub hnub raws li Countryside Daily. Ntau cov fibers kuj tau ntxiv los ua kom cov neeg kho tshuab ruaj khov thiab ua kom nws cov rwb thaiv tsev muaj peev xwm, sau tseg ib txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2016 uas pom zoo rau hemp thiab straw hauv adobe bricks.
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Wattle and daub kuj siv cov av nkos thiab fiber ntau sib tov. Es tsis txhob ua cov blocks, cov muab tshuaj txhuam yog siv ncaj qha los ua kev sau nrog lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntawv sau ntoo Encyclopedia Britannica.
wattle thiab baub
Stones
Pob zeb yuav kim li yuav tsum tau quarried thiab lawv qhov hnyav ntxiv rau cov nqi tsheb thauj mus los. Kev lag luam thiab chaw nyob yog li siv lwm cov ntaub ntawv raws li UM (pg.33). Txawm li cas los xij, pob zeb tseem tseem yog qhov kev xaiv nrov yog tias lawv tuaj yeem tau txais hauv zos. Cov koom haum tshwj xeeb tseem siv pob zeb rau nws qhov kev ruaj khov thiab kev saib xyuas tsis zoo.
- Nws yog siv los ua phab ntsa, hauv paus, hauv vaj, thiab ua cov khoom dai hauv tsev zoo li qhov cub.
- Marbles ntawm cov xim sib txawv yog dav siv los ua countertops hauv chav ua noj thiab chav dej, thiab qee zaum ua flooring.
Niam Xwm Xov Xwm tawm tswv yim sau pob zeb los ntawm tus kheej cov khoom, los yog foraging nyob rau hauv pej xeem chaw nrog kev tso cai (tau kawg), thiab nrhiav deals ntawm pob zeb. Nrhiav cov chaw muag khoom pob zeb ze tshaj plaws siv Boral cov peev txheej online.
Lime
Txiv qaub yog sib xyaw ntawm calcium hydroxide thiab dej thiab tau siv ntau txhiab xyoo. Nws yog pwm resistant thiab txhim kho huab cua zoo. Nws tseem yog ze li ntawm cov ntawv sau tsis zoo Curbed, ua rau nws yog cov khoom ntsuab uas tau nrov dua. Ntsuab txiv qaub stabilized los ntawm prickly cactus gel tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg kuj muaj raws li Sustainable Build. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li phab ntsa plaster thiab mortar rau lub tsev thaiv.
Recycled Gypsum Board
Gypsum yog ntuj, tab sis yuav tsum tau mined. Recycled gypsum, uas txuas ntxiv lub neej voj voog ntawm cov khoom siv no, yog li suav tias yog ntsuab. Gypsum yog calcium sulfate sib xyaw hauv dej los tsim cov tshuaj dawb. Qhov no feem ntau yog siv rau plaster phab ntsa ncaj qha los yog siv los ua cov laug cam, hu ua plasterboard lossis phab ntsa; tej zaum phab ntsa qhuav. Nws yog npaj los ntawm kis gypsum rau ntawm daim ntawv thiab ziab nws. Yog tias gypsum raug muab pov tseg tom qab siv ib zaug, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej anaerobic lossis oxygen-tsawg hauv cov chaw pov tseg nws tsim hydrogen sulfite uas tsis muaj kuab lom thiab tsw ntxhiab ntawm cov qe lwj piav qhia txog Lub Tebchaws Recycle.
Recovered gypsum poob tsis muaj ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom qub thiab tuaj yeem rov siv dua yam tsis muaj khoom poob lossis ua haujlwm. Recycled gypsum boards yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tsis tshua muaj uas zoo li tshiab. Yog li rov siv dua gypsum sawv cev rau kev siv lub voj kaw thiab ua rau nws cov khoom ntsuab raws li Cov Khoom Siv Rov Ua Dua Tshiab.
Slate Roof Vuas
Slate yog ib hom pob zeb metamorphic uas tiv taus dej thiab hluav taws. Cov no yog cov ntuj tsim, nrog lub zog qis, thiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab rov siv dua tom qab lawv khaws cia. Lawv yog siv rau vov tsev thiab cladding phab ntsa, raws li Green Building Elements.
Salvaged, Reclaimed, and Recycled Materials
Ntau cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev tuaj yeem rov siv dua yog tias qhov kev rhuav tshem tau ua tiav nrog kev saib xyuas kom cov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem khaws cia. Cov khoom siv rau lub tsev tuaj yeem tuaj yeem siv tau lwm yam khoom siv thiab.
Khoom thiab Demolition Materials
Kev tsim kho thiab rhuav tshem cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau xaus rau hauv qhov chaw pov tseg, Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam khoom uas tuaj yeem khaws cia thiab rov siv dua. EPA pom zoo kom txiav txim siab siv qhov no thaum npaj kev rhuav tshem kom cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tau txais kev cawmdim. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tab sis ntau yam khoom uas tuaj yeem khaws cia. Nrhiav tus neeg muag khoom ze tshaj plaws los ntawm Kev Tsim Kho thiab Demolition Recycling Association. Cov khoom koj tuaj yeem khaws tau suav nrog:
- Dimsional limber, qhov rooj, qhov rais, ntoo pem teb, chav ua noj txee
- pob zeb, marble, cib
- Bathtubs, dab dej, teeb fixtures
Reclaimed Wood
Dhau li ntawm cov khoom siv demolition, ntoo tuaj yeem khaws cia los ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj, cov thawv cawv qub, thiab cov khoom thauj qub. Cov ntsia hlau raug tshem tawm, cov ntoo ntxuav thiab milled kom pom qhov qub kev ntxhib los mos thiab xim, raws li Buildopedia. Tshawb xyuas nrog cov lumberyards hauv zos, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim kho, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim kho kom pom tias lawv txuag ntoo siv rau lwm qhov haujlwm lossis muag.
Cov Qauv Piv Txwv rau Ntawv Pov Thawj Green Building Materials
Muaj qee cov txheej txheem uas cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum ua kom tiav kom muaj xim ntsuab raws li California Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Siv Khoom Siv Rov Ua Dua thiab Rov Qab (CalRecycle). Cov txheej txheem txiav txim siab los ntawm ntau lub koom haum lees paub feem ntau suav nrog:
- Sustainability- Cov khoom yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj khov, rov ua dua tshiab, thiab rov ua dua tshiab; Piv txwv li, ntuj thiab hauv zos thiab loj hlob yog li cov khoom siv yog ib puag ncig zoo.
- Energy efficiency - Ob qhov kev tsim khoom thiab qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum muaj zog npaum li cas.
- Quality controled for air pollution - Cov khoom ntsuab xaiv rau kev tsim kho yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau huab cua hauv tsev thiab ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.
- Affordability - Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum pheej yig. Txawm hais tias qee cov nqi them ua ntej yog siab, qhov txo qis ntawm cov nqi ua haujlwm yuav tsum pab them tus nqi pib ntxiv hais tias CalRecycle.
- Kev txiav txim siab txog kev tswj cov khib nyiab - Cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau khib nyiab thiab pov tseg. Lub peev xwm los siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, lossis siv cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab uas txo cov khoom pov tseg, ua rau cov khoom siv ntawv ntsuab UM.
Kev ntsuas lub neej yog siv los tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv lossis tag nrho lub tsev hauv txhua theem ntawm kev tsim khoom, los ntawm kev thauj, siv, thiab kev ua haujlwm, ntawm ib puag ncig, nrog rau nws "kev lag luam thiab kev ruaj ntseg" raws li Green Building Council thiab Design Buildings. Qhov kev ntsuas no tau siv ntau dua los ntawm cov koom haum uas lees paub cov tsev xws li LEED thiab Green Globes.
Green
Ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntsuab mus koom tes nrog cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb rau lawv siv, uas yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej. Uas tau hais tias, nws tuaj yeem siv ntau lub ntsiab lus ntsuab thaum kho cov tsev qub rau hauv pem teb, phab ntsa panels, lossis rwb thaiv tsev, lossis hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv nrog me ntsis kev xav.
