Alvin Ailey, Ashanti warriors, Al Jolson, thiab Alexander Hamilton muaj li cas? African seev cev. Cov kev txav, kev sib dhos, thiab kev ua yeeb yam yog li lub hauv paus rau haiv neeg lub neej dim kev ua qhev thiab kev coj noj coj ua los cuam tshuam rau sab hnub poob thiab kev ua yeeb yam thaum tseem tshuav ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm African kev lig kev cai niaj hnub no.
Txiv neej haiv neeg
Africa ntau pawg neeg txhua tus tsim lawv tus kheej ua las voos, feem ntau nrog cov suab paj nruag thiab suab paj nruag uas txawv ntawm pawg mus rau pawg. Cov seev cev tau poob rau hauv peb pawg tseem ceeb: Ritual (kev cai dab qhuas), Ceremonial, thiab Griotic (kev piav dab neeg).
Ritual Dance
Lub sab ntsuj plig infuses txhua yam ntawm ib txwm African lub neej. Hauv Zimbabwe, Mbira yog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam, seev cev los ntawm cov neeg Shona kom hu cov poj koob yawm txwv, thov cov pab pawg neeg saib xyuas, kev kub ntxhov thiab dej nyab, hwm kev tuag ib xyoos, nrhiav kev taw qhia hauv pab pawg neeg thiab tsev neeg tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab tseem txhim kho tus thawj coj tshiab. Ritual seev cev yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke uas txhim kho kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, noj qab haus huv, thiab kev vam meej.
Ceremonial Dance
Ceremonial seev cev tau ua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej xws li kab tshoob kev kos, hnub ua koob tsheej, kev ua koob tsheej thiab kev ua koob tsheej txog hnub nyoog, kev txais tos ntawm cov neeg tuaj xyuas, qhov kawg ntawm kev yos hav zoov, thiab lwm yam tshwm sim los ntawm tag nrho pawg neeg. Maasai dhia seev cev yog ua los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm pawg neeg, uas tau hloov pauv kom siab npaum li lawv tuaj yeem ua suab paj nruag, txhawm rau ua kom pom lawv lub zog thiab lub zog.
Griotic Dance
A griot yog African bard, ib pab pawg neeg keeb kwm thiab piav dab neeg. Griotic seev cev yog zaj dab neeg-dancing, qhov ncauj keeb kwm ntawm ib tug neeg teem rau kev txav thiab suab paj nruag. Lamba lossis Lamban tsuas yog seev cev los ntawm pawg neeg djeli lossis griot. Niaj hnub no, cov pab pawg neeg African seev cev ua qhov kev lom zem, ib zaug tshwj xeeb txav.
Tus yam ntxwv muaj zog
Cov seev cev yog syncopated, sophisticated thiab sensual. Lawv siv tag nrho lub cev, nrog rau ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib cais, thiab angular thiab asymmetrical txav. Shuffling, scuffing, stamping, thiab hopping embody lub niaj hnub rhythms ntawm tending teb thiab tsiaj, elevating mundane kev ua ub no rau sublime choreography. African seev cev yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo ntawm kev siv polyrhythm - ob los yog ntau dua ib txhij rhythms nrog lub cev, caj npab, ceg, thiab lub taub hau articulations kom phim. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm pantomime simulate xwm, xws li cov dej ya davhlau ntawm tus egret los yog txhob txwm stomping ntawm tus ntxhw. Cov gestures no ntes tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub zog quab yuam depicted; lawv yog ib tug sab ntsuj plig, tsis yog ib tug literal nthuav qhia. Lawv kuj yog ib daim duab kos duab uas ua rau tag nrho cov seev cev tau los ntawm cov hauv paus hauv African ntxov tshaj plaws, cov ntawv seev cev uas tseem niaj hnub hloov zuj zus.
Kev ua qhev thiab kev hloov pauv
Tus qhev ua lag luam xa tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai rau cov Islands tuaj hauv Caribbean thiab rau thaj tsam cog qoob loo ntawm thaj av loj. Cov Caribbean, tshwj xeeb, yog ib lub potpourri ntawm haiv neeg thiab kab lis kev cai uas cuam tshuam cov seev cev los ntawm Africa. Thaum lub xyoo pua 18th, cov kev cuam tshuam no yuav yog Fabkis, Dutch, British lossis Spanish.
Kev seev cev pab pawg neeg tseem yog lub pob zeb tseem ceeb rau cov qhev, thiab kev seev cev sib tw, xws li Calenda, tau tshwm sim. Lub Calenda tau nthuav tawm ob txoj kab sib txuas - ib tus poj niam thiab ib tus txiv neej - nrog rau txoj hauv kev-thiab-tawm cov qauv uas pib tsis kov thiab tom qab ntawd tau nce ntxiv thaum nws ntxiv ncej puab-nplua, hnia, thiab lwm yam kev sib cuag. Cov tswv cog qoob loo pom qhov frenzy ntawm kev ua las voos ceeb toom thiab hauv qee qhov chaw, txwv tsis pub nws tag nrho ntshai cov kev xav siab yuav ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam. Tab sis Calenda tau mus rau kev txhawb nqa qhov kawg Cakewalk (thaum chiv keeb yog kev thuam ntawm cov tswv cog) thiab Charleston hauv xyoo pua 20th. Lwm qhov kev tshwm sim rau cov tswv qhev uas ntshai, uas ntshai lub zog siab ntawm kev ua las voos, yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm kev nce mus rau kev sib tsoo.
Popular Culture
Lub zog siab thiab lub suab nrov ntawm Africa ua las voos thiab cov qauv sib xyaw uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm lawv tau hloov pauv cov neeg Asmeskas nrov - Vaudeville, Broadway, thiab kev ua si. Los ntawm Minstrel qhia nyob rau hauv 1800s uas featured blackface thiab caricatures xa los ntawm cov neeg nyiam nyiam xws li Al Jolson, mus rau Charleston, Lindy Hop, Jitterbug, thiab Twist, ncab hla lub xyoo pua 20th, African seev cev tau hloov pauv hauv Asmeskas thiab tsim rau nws tus kheej. daim duab.
- 1800s - Minstrel shows
- 1891 - The Creole Show (Broadway, Cakewalk)
- 1920s-1930s - All-Black Broadway shows (African shuffle dances merged with English clog dancing, and Irish jigs)
- 1930s - 1940s - Coj mus rhaub sib xyaw ua las voos, thiab African seev cev pib cuam tshuam rau niaj hnub thiab ballet
- Lub yim hli ntuj 6, 1960 - Chubby Checkers debuted Lub Twist ntawm Dick Clark Show thiab gyrating frenzy tau yug los
Mid-Century Modern
Lub xyoo pua nees nkaum yog lub sijhawm ntawm cov txuj ci qus thiab kev tsim kho tshiab hauv ntiaj teb ua las voos, thiab lub zog ntawm African seev cev yog qhov tseem ceeb. Katherine Dunham, uas nws txoj hauj lwm dhau mus rau xyoo pua 20th, tshawb fawb txog kev ua las voos ntawm Caribbean thiab lawv cov keeb kwm African. Nws tsim cov txheej txheem thiab kev txav mus los hauv qab lub kaus ntawm kev seev cev niaj hnub uas txuas ntxiv siv los ntawm cov neeg seev cev los cob qhia. Alvin Ailey, yug hauv xyoo 1931, yog lub zog ntawm qhov xwm txheej, suav nrog kev ua yeeb yam African tsoos, ntaus pob, jazz, niaj hnub, sab ntsuj plig, thiab suab paj nruag txoj moo zoo hauv evocative thiab thrilling choreography. Ailey tau ntes zaj dab neeg ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws hauv kev ua yeeb yam xws li nws qhov kev tshwm sim iconic. Nws lub tuam txhab, tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm choreographer Robert Sib ntaus sib tua, tseem cia siab rau lub hwj chim African lub hwj chim rau nws feem ntau nco ua yeeb yam.
Nkauj Tawm Tshiab
Txoj kev seev cev, tawg, hip-hop, thiab nws ntau yam (tutting, locking, popping, krumping) yog ze rau nws cov keeb kwm African ntau dua li ntau ntawm African-inspired seev cev uas tuaj ncaj qha los ntawm kev ua qhev. Hip-hop yog ib qho lus teb rau rap, uas ua raws li kev hais lus zoo-lo lus dab neeg ntawm cov griots. Lub zog percussive nta exaggerated cais thiab ib tug tag nrho-lub cev teb rau lub yeej. Thiab hip-hop txuas rau txoj kev thiab theem, vim nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Beyonce mus rau Broadway. Lin-Manuel Miranda cov haiv neeg-bending portrayal ntawm Alexander Hamilton nyob rau hauv lub eponymous suab paj nruas nta ib tug fusion ntawm Broadway jazz thiab hip-hop choreography uas qhia ib zaj dab neeg ib yam li cov seev cev ua yeeb yam, thiab tseem ua, nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg seev cev nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa thiab nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb neeg tsiv mus nyob music.
