Kawm txog rau hom kev ua si thiab yuav ua li cas los txhim kho cov kev kawm no hauv txoj hauv kev yooj yim!
Koj puas paub tias muaj ntau hom kev ua si? Raws li ib tug niam txiv, nws yooj yim rau kev txhawj xeeb tias koj tus menyuam loj hlob tsis zoo los yog tsis loj hlob ntawm qhov qub. Ntau tus niam txiv tsis paub yog tias peb lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua si tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ntau theem.
Qhov "ua si" peb daim duab hauv peb lub siab, qhov twg cov menyuam yaus koom nrog kev ua si, yog ib yam uas menyuam yaus feem ntau tsis ua txog thaum lawv muaj plaub xyoos. Ua tsis taus pa ntawm lub siab? Kuv yeej ua tau. Nov yog saib rau 6 hom kev ua si tseem ceeb hauv cov menyuam yaus, thaum menyuam yaus feem ntau mus txog ntau theem no, thiab yuav ua li cas txhim kho koj tus menyuam qhov kev ua si!
Six Types of Play in Child Development
Rau menyuam yaus, kev ua si yog qhov muaj zog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Nws tsis tsuas yog pab nrog kev kawm lus, kev txawj ntse, kev koom tes, thiab kev paub txog kev loj hlob, tab sis nws kuj yog qhov uas cov menyuam yaus pib cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus hauv zej zog. Cov lus nug tseem nyob - tsuas yog qhov kev nce qib ntawm kev ua si yog dab tsi?
Mildred Partenn yog tus kws tshawb fawb thiab kws kho mob hauv University of Michigan lub koom haum ntawm Kev Txhim Kho Me Nyuam. Xyoo 1929, nws tau xav tias cov menyuam yaus muaj rau theem kev ua si ntawm cov hnub nyoog yug thiab tsib xyoos. Ntawm no yog kev sib cais ntawm cov kev sib cuam tshuam.
Nkauj tawm tshiab
Kev ua si uas tsis muaj neeg nyob yuav muaj kev txav mus los, kev soj ntsuam, thiab tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw thiab tej yam nyob ib puag ncig koj tus menyuam. Nyob rau theem no, tus me nyuam siv cov khoom sib txawv, ua haujlwm ntawm lawv tus kheej tswj hwm, thiab pib nkag siab txog lawv qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig.
Cov Hnub Nyoog:Yug txog peb hlis
How to Enhance Play: Cov niam txiv tuaj yeem siv cov gyms, tsom iav, cov phau ntawv zoo sib xws accordion, thiab cov khoom ua si zoo nkauj los pab txhawb lawv tus menyuam lub siab, tsim lawv lub cev muaj zog, thiab npaj rau kev ua si ib leeg.
Independent Play
Tseem hu ua kev ua si ib leeg, theem no muaj menyuam yaus ua si ntawm lawv tus kheej, tsis paub txog lawv ib puag ncig.
Cov Hnub Nyoog:Birth to two years
How to Enhance Play: Xaiv cov khoom ua si zoo thiab lub hom phiaj. Nco ntsoov tias tsawg dua. Koj xav kom koj tus menyuam dhuav thiab xav ua txuj; qhov no pab lawv loj hlob. Montessori cov khoom ua si thiab kev ua ub no yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau kev txhawb kev tsim thiab kev xav ua si
Onlooker Play
Onlooker plays cuam tshuam koj tus menyuam saib lwm tus ua si, tsis muaj kev koom nrog. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias qhov no yog qhov qhia txog kev txaj muag, tab sis qhov tseeb, nws yog hom kev ua si ib txwm muaj hauv kev loj hlob me nyuam.
Qhov no yog thaum lawv kawm txog tib neeg kev sib raug zoo, ntau hom kev ua si, thiab yuav ua li cas los tswj ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Xav txog qhov theem no yog lub sijhawm uas koj tus menyuam me tab tom sau ntawv rau lub hlwb rau yav tom ntej.
Cov Hnub Nyoog:Ib xyoos ob xyoos
How to Enhance Play: Siv cov khoom ua si qhib (xws li cov blocks thiab cov vuas), cov thawv ntim khoom, thiab kev ua yeeb yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, siv sijhawm los npaj cov hnub ua si - lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau txhim kho lawv cov kev sib tham thiab muab sijhawm rau lawv los saib xyuas lwm tus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lawv taug qab rau hom kev ua si yav tom ntej!
Parallel Play
Raws li lub npe txhais tau hais tias, kev ua si sib npaug yog thaum koj tus menyuam yuav koom nrog kev ua ub no ncaj qha ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg, tab sis lawv yuav tsis koom nrog ib qho twg. Ntau zaus, tus me nyuam qhov kev ua yuav tsom rau ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg.
Lwm lub sij hawm, lawv cov dej num yuav txawv kiag li. Hom kev ua si no tuaj yeem suav nrog piv txwv li ob tus menyuam yaus ntawm nws tus kheej ua si nrog cov tsheb ua si ntawm tib lub tsheb lossis ib tus menyuam ua si nrog cov blocks thiab lwm qhov ua si nrog menyuam roj hmab hauv tib qhov chaw.
Cov Hnub Nyoog: Ob xyoos +
How to Enhance Play: Cov niam txiv tuaj yeem siv tib yam khoom siv los ntawm kev ua si saib los pab txhawb kev ua si sib npaug. Txhawm rau pab nrog qhov kev hloov pauv no, koj tuaj yeem siv daim pam loj lossis ntaub pua plag ua lawv qhov chaw ua si.
Muab tag nrho cov khoom ua si rau hauv qhov chaw no kom koj tus menyuam nyob ze lawv cov phooj ywg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov tias thaum tsawg dua, muaj ntau yam ntawm tib yam khoom tuaj yeem coj cov sijhawm rau kev coj ua thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv meltdowns.
Associative Play
Associative play yog theem uas koj tus menyuam thaum kawg yuav pib nyiam lwm tus menyuam. Thaum lawv yuav tsis ua hauj lwm rau ib lub hom phiaj, xws li tsim ib lub pej thuam ua ke, lawv yuav koom nrog kev koom tes hauv tib qhov chaw. Lawv kuj tseem yuav koom nrog kev sib tham lossis sib koom nrog ib leeg.
Cov Hnub Nyoog: Peb mus rau plaub xyoos
How to Enhance Play: Kev sib raug zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm ua si. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias teeb tsa cov hnub ua si tsis tu ncua, coj koj tus menyuam mus rau qhov chaw ua si sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov uas raug xaiv rau menyuam yaus, thiab tso npe rau koj tus menyuam hauv cov kev kawm thaum ntxov.
Kev sib koom tes
Qhov kawg ntawm kev ua si hauv menyuam yaus yog thaum koj tus menyuam pib ua si ncaj qha nrog lwm tus thiab muaj cov qauv hauv kev ua si. Piv txwv li, koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem koom nrog kev yos hav zoov, ua si hauv pawg thawj coj saib, koom nrog pab pawg kis las, lossis npaj ib daim ntawv qhia yooj yim nrog lawv cov phooj ywg. Hom kev ua si no yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom tes thiab kev sib txuas lus.
Cov Hnub Nyoog: Plaub xyoos +
How to Enhance Play: Thov koj tus menyuam pab hauv tsev! Qhov no tso cai rau lawv kawm txog kev sib koom tes thiab nkag siab txog kev zoo siab ntawm kev muaj lub hom phiaj sib koom. Tsis tas li ntawd, txuas ntxiv rau kev sib raug zoo rau koj tus menyuam. Sau npe rau lub caij ntuj sov lossis tom qab tsev kawm ntawv mus pw hav zoov, sau npe rau kev ua kis las, lossis ua haujlwm pab dawb ntawm lub vaj hauv zej zog.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Txhawb Koj Tus Menyuam Thaum Muaj Kev Ua Si Ntau Yam
Play yog qhov koj tus menyuam kawm. Nov yog ob peb txoj hauv kev los txhawb lawv hauv kev kawm thiab nrhiav pom ntau hom kev ua si thaum lawv txhim kho.
- Nyob tam sim no. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj kom koj tus menyuam taug kev yog kom muaj sijhawm ua si. Yog tias lawv xav koom nrog kev ua si nrog koj lossis xav kom koj pab lawv sim cov txuj ci tshiab, koom nrog lawv!
- Ua ib qho chaw thaum lawv xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem pab koj cov menyuam los ntawm kev muab sijhawm tshiab, khoom ua si nrog, thiab chaw ua si.
- Hloov kev ua si ua si. Tsis tas li, hloov koj cov dej num ntau zaus thiab muab koj tus menyuam cov kev xaiv kom lawv txaus siab rau cov sijhawm no rau kev sib raug zoo!
- Thaum kawg, ua siab ntev. Hnub nyoog rau hom kev ua si hauv kev loj hlob me nyuam yog txheeb ze. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qee cov menyuam yaus yuav hloov sai dua thiab lwm tus yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua. Nco ntsoov, ntau lub sijhawm koj muab rau koj tus menyuam kom koom nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog, koj yuav pom sai dua!
Nkag siab txog ntau hom kev ua si thiab pab lawv vam meej
Cov niam txiv tsis tas yuav micro tswj txhua yam uas tshwm sim thaum menyuam yaus ua si - lawv feem ntau yuav dhau mus rau theem sib txawv thiab koom nrog hom kev ua si uas tsim nyog thaum lawv loj hlob. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev nkag siab cov theem, ua ob peb yam yooj yim, thiab txhawb nqa lawv ntawm lawv txoj kev kawm, koj tuaj yeem pab lawv ua txhua yam kev paub dhau los.
