Cov khoos kas preschool thaum ntxov tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig rau menyuam yaus ntau txoj hauv kev. Nov yog qee qhov zoo ntawm ntau hom rau cov niam txiv xav txog.
Nws yog ib qho amazing tiag tiag: lub sijhawm koj tus menyuam muaj ob xyoos, lawv mam li pib hloov mus ua ib tus neeg me. Lawv ua ntau inquisitive, xav, thiab dexterous. Lawv nkag siab zoo txog kev xav, hais lus thaum lawv xav tau ib yam dab tsi, thiab txawm pab qee yam haujlwm.
Thov pab ua kom tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sij hawm tej yam yees siv no, cov niam txiv tej zaum yuav xav txog seb lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm lawv cov menyuam yaus li niaj zaus. Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog kev kos npe rau koj tus menyuam mus kawm preschool thaum ntxov, kawm ntxiv txog cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov kev pabcuam sib txawv uas muaj nyob thoob plaws cheeb tsam.
Preschool Thaum Ntxov Yog Dab Tsi thiab Yuav Pab Tau Me Nyuam Li Cas
Preschool yog ib hom kev kawm thaum ntxov uas npaj cov menyuam rau qib kindergarten. Cov kev kawm no qhia txog kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv thaum ntxov, lej, kev tshawb fawb, kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib raug zoo, suab paj nruag, thiab kev ua yeeb yam zoo rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog peb txog tsib xyoos.
Ib yam li ntawd, cov kev kawm preschool thaum ntxov ua lub pob zeb rau cov me nyuam me kom npaj txhij mus kawm cov chav kawm preschool. Cov kev kawm no qhia tib yam kev kawm, tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov (18 lub hlis txog rau ob xyoos). Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tab sis thaum ntxov preschool tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Yuav ua li cas?
Txoj kev txhawb nqa chav kawm muab sijhawm rau menyuam kawm:
- Fine Motor Skills
- Gross Motor Skills
- Sib pab
- Kev sib koom tes
- Listening Skills
- Empathy
- Problem-Solving
- Self-Regulation
- Independence
Txoj kev cuam tshuam rau pab pawg thaum ntxov hauv lub neej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev coj tus cwj pwm thiab ua rau cov menyuam yaus tau txais kev coj ua zoo dua qub. Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov cib fim kev kawm no tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus rau koj tus menyuam txoj kev kawm yav tom ntej. Qhov tseeb, cov kev cuam tshuam thaum ntxov tau pom tias "muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam lub peev xwm kawm txuj ci tshiab thiab ua kom lawv txoj kev vam meej hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab lub neej."
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij kev kawm tau sau tseg tias txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev paub no, kev saib xyuas menyuam yaus zoo thaum ntxov uas muab "sov, nyab xeeb, txhawb nqa ib puag ncig uas nplua nuj nrog cov lus thiab kev sib tham, thiab muaj ntau lub sijhawm rau ua si thiab koom tes nrog kev tshawb nrhiav yog qhov tseem ceeb."
Vim li cas Kev Kawm Ntawv Thaum Ntxov tseem ceeb dua puas tau
Hmoov tsis zoo, nrog qhov pib ntawm COVID-19 xyoo 2020, cov tub ntxhais hluas tshaj plaws ntawm cov pejxeem tau ntsib kev kawm thiab kev loj hlob qeeb. Yog li ntawd, American Academy of Pediatrics tau hloov lawv cov lus pom zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus thiab kev sib txuas lus. Yav dhau los, 24 lub hlis yog qhov ntsuas rau tus menyuam muaj tsawg kawg yog 50 lo lus hauv lawv cov lus. Raws li xyoo 2022, lawv tau thawb lub cim no mus rau 30 lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog.
Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias cov menyuam yaus tsis tau paub lus qeeb xwb, tab sis lawv kuj tau pom qhov tsis txaus ntawm lawv lub cev muaj zog thiab kev txawj ntse. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo rau cov niam txiv niaj hnub no ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua. Kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias "cov menyuam yaus uas txuas ntxiv mus kawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thaum ntxov [thaum muaj kev sib kis] tau txhim kho kev loj hlob, piv rau cov menyuam yaus raug cais tawm hauv tsev," qhia tias kev kawm preschool thaum ntxov tuaj yeem yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau cov niam txiv los pab lawv cov menyuam kom tau txais kev txawj ntse thiab kev sib raug zoo uas lawv xav tau, thiab kev kawm preschool yog ib qho kev xaiv los txiav txim siab.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Kev Sib Txawv Ntawm Hom Kev Pabcuam Thaum Ntxov Thaum Ntxov
Thaum tab tom nrhiav rau cov khoos kas preschool thaum ntxov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog txoj kev kawm uas koj xav tias zoo tshaj plaws haum rau koj tus menyuam thiab koj xav kom lawv kawm txhua lub sijhawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
Montessori
Montessori tsev kawm ntawv yog ib daim ntawv qhia kev kawm uas tso cai rau koj tus menyuam me los saib xyuas lawv txoj kev kawm. Txoj kev ua tus kheej, kev sib koom tes no muab sijhawm rau menyuam yaus los koom lossis saib xyuas hauv cov haujlwm sib txawv. Cov no muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas cov me nyuam yuav tsim nyob rau hauv lawv lub neej yav tom ntej-kev ua lej, hom lus kos duab, thiab kev kawm kab lis kev cai. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tus me nyuam txoj kev xav paub hauv lub ntiaj teb txhawb kom lawv kawm.
Cov kev qhia no txhawb kev ywj pheej, txhawb kev muaj tswv yim, txhim kho kom pom tseeb, thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv rau neeg laus. Cov kev tshawb fawb kuj tau pom tias qhov kev kawm no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev kawm tau zoo. Txoj kev qhia no tau nyob ib puag ncig ib puas xyoo.
Reggio Emilia
Reggio Emilia txoj hauv kev rau kev kawm muaj kev kawm hauv zej zog. Qhov no txhais tau li cas yog cov niam txiv yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab feem ntau ntawm cov dej num koom nrog tag nrho cov chav kawm. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv los ntawm kev koom nrog lawv cov kev xav thiab koom nrog hauv cov haujlwm qhib. Lub tswv yim yog qhov yuam kev tshwm sim thiab peb kawm los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev sim.
Zoo ib yam li Montessori txoj kev qhia, Reggio Emilia txoj kev qhia pab cov me nyuam los tsim kev sib raug zoo-kev xav, nws txhawb kev kawm nce qib, thiab pab txhawb kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev xav. Ntau zaus, cov khoos kas preschool thaum yau muab ob lub ntsiab lus no.
Waldorf
Waldorf qhov kev pab cuam siv tes ua kom zoo thaum tsim ib puag ncig zoo li hauv tsev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus kws qhia ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv chav kawm, hloov ntawm qib mus rau qib nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm. Lawv suav nrog kev kos duab rau hauv txhua yam ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm thiab tshem tawm qhov piv txwv ntawm kev sib tw.
Txoj haujlwm no tseem ua rau cov qhab nia siab dua ntawm cov qauv kev xeem thiab kev hlub rau kev kawm ntau dua, tab sis yog tias koj npaj yuav hloov mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem yav tom ntej, kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem nyuaj rau cov menyuam yaus hauv lawv lub xyoo tsim.
HighScope
HighScope yog lwm qhov kev siv tes ua haujlwm uas siv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li lej, kev ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj, lus, thiab thev naus laus zis. Kev tshoov siab los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb me nyuam muaj npe Jean Piaget, cov ntaub ntawv kawm no ua haujlwm ntawm kev daws teeb meem, kev xav zoo, thiab kev koom tes hauv kev kawm. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias qhov no yog lwm qhov kev pab cuam uas coj cov qhab nia ua tau zoo dua thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm zoo tom qab hauv lub neej.
Faith-Based
Lwm lub npe hu ua Niam Hnub Tawm, Niam Txiv Hnub Tawm, thiab Me Nyuam Hnub Tawm, cov no yog cov kev pabcuam uas feem ntau suav nrog lossis tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntseeg raws li kev qhia thiab kev ua si. Thaum lawv muaj cov hauv kev kawm tsim rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kawm, cov kev kawm preschool no tsis yog cov tsev kawm ntawv lees paub. Tiam sis, lawv yog ib txoj hauv kev rau koj tus menyuam los tsim lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo-kev xav thiab ua rau niam txiv so ib hnub.
Other Programs
Rau cov uas tab tom nrhiav cov kev pabcuam pheej yig dua, xav txog kos npe rau koj tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm qib siab lossis tsev kawm qib siab. Feem ntau ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv no muaj cov khoos kas preschool thaum ntxov uas qhia los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tau txais lawv cov qib hauv Early Childhood Education thiab Development. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov kev pab cuam vo-ed zoo sib xws ntawm cov chaw zov me nyuam thaum ntxov hauv ntau lub zej zog.
Thaum kos npe rau koj tus menyuam rau ib qho kev kawm, nug txog lawv txoj kev qhia. Txawm hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis tau tshaj tawm tshwj xeeb raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev kawm uas tau teev tseg saum toj no, lawv nyiam ua raws li ib qho los yog sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam kawm ntawv!
Note on Playgroups
Thaum cov pab pawg ua si tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig ntau rau cov menyuam yaus (thiab txawm tias niam txiv!), suav nrog kev sib raug zoo thiab kev sib txuas lus, cov kev kawm preschool feem ntau yuav ua raws li txoj hauv kev ntau dua thiab muaj cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb npaj rau menyuam yaus. Cov chaw ua si tuaj yeem ua si ntau dua, suav nrog kev ua si pub dawb ntau dua piv rau cov kev ua ub no, yuav suav nrog niam txiv thiab menyuam yaus, lossis tej zaum yuav muaj tsawg dua lub sijhawm sib ntsib. Txij li qee qhov kev kawm preschool thaum ntxov, zoo li MDO's, tej zaum yuav tsis raug lees paub lossis muaj cov kws qhia ntawv pov thawj, txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau txheeb xyuas cov no yog tias nws tseem ceeb rau koj xaiv koj tus menyuam txoj haujlwm.
Early Childhood Education Matters
Txawm tias koj xaiv qhov twg los xij, kev kawm thaum ntxov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj tus menyuam lub neej yav tom ntej. Lwm qhov kev txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab thaum xaiv qhov kev zov me nyuam yog tus nqi, koj tus menyuam qhov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb (kev kawm qeeb thiab kev xav tau tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem txwv lawv cov kev xaiv), qhov deb ntawm koj lub tsev, thiab lub sijhawm cog lus. Ua koj qhov kev tshawb fawb, tau txais cov lus pom zoo, thiab teem caij mus ncig xyuas tus kheej kom ntseeg tau tias koj nrhiav tau txoj haujlwm zoo rau koj tsev neeg.
