Sake (pronounced sah-keh) yog ib tug neeg paub zoo uas tsis to taub zoo nyob rau sab hnub poob. Ntau tus xav paub tias yog dab tsi, tab sis nws tsis yog piv rau lwm tus ntsuj plig, vim nws yog nws pawg. Sake yog ib tug ntsuj plig uas siv nplej ua lub hauv paus, tsis zoo li lwm tus uas yuav siv tau qos yaj ywm los yog nplej, xws li vodka. Feem ntau xav txog xws li nplej wine los yog mov npias, nws tshwm sim los ntawm fermenting thiab brewing mov nrog dej thiab poov xab. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho cawv brewed zoo li npias thiab pab zoo li cawv. Tab sis tsis txhob cia daim ntawv qhia tsis txaus ntseeg no cuam tshuam koj los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb sake.
Puas yog dab tsi?
Sake yog ib qho dej cawv fermented mov uas tau ua neeg Nyij Pooj kev lig kev cai rau ntau tshaj 2,000 xyoo. Master sake makers (toji) tsim nws los ntawm plaub cov khoom xyaw yooj yim: polished sakami mov, dej, poov xab, thiab koji, ib tug pwm siv los hloov nplej starches rau qab zib. Qee lub sake kuj tseem muaj cawv ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv Nyiv, lo lus sake yog hais txog tej cawv, thiab lub sij hawm nihonshu yog lo lus rau mov dab neeg Asmeskas hu ua sake. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab hnub poob, Nyiv lub fermented mov plig tsuas yog hu ua sake. Yog li ntawd, nyob ntawm seb koj hais lus rau leej twg, koj tuaj yeem hnov ib lo lus los siv cov dej haus Japanese.
Sake Styles and Categories
Nihonshu thaj tsam ntawm huab dawb (los ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov nplej) kom meej, thiab cov tsw qab ntawm lub teeb, qhuav, thiab paj rau nplua nuj, qab zib, thiab fruity. Thaum tag nrho cov sake yog tsim los ntawm tib cov khoom xyaw, nws muaj ib qho kev xav tsis thoob ntawm qhov tsw profile.
Ib yam li lwm tus ntsuj plig, sake muaj ntau pawg txheej txheem raws li ntau npaum li cas cov mov yog polished thiab seb puas ntxiv cawv ntxiv. Koj tuaj yeem npaj sake rau hauv ob hom yooj yim: zoo tib yam sake thiab tshwj xeeb-tsim sake. Koj tuaj yeem xav txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam li qib zoo sib xws rau koj cov cawv txiv hmab txhua hnub lossis lub rooj cawv. Tshwj xeeb-tsim sake sake yog ib qho koj yuav ua haujlwm rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb lossis thaum koj tab tom nrhiav kom khub koj lub hom phiaj nrog qhov tsw profile zoo dua. Nws yuav zoo ib yam li cov cawv txiv hmab zoo.
Junmai vs. Non-Junmai
Sake raug faib ua ob hom: junmai, uas tsis muaj cawv ntxiv, thiab tsis yog junmai, uas muaj cawv ntxiv.
Muaj ntau ntau qib ntawm sake, thiab qib nyob ntawm feem pua ntawm cov nplej, lossis mov, sab laug tom qab cov bran polished. Tus nqi ntawm cov nplej sab laug yog hu ua mov polishing piv lossis seimaibuai thiab qhia tias yog ib feem pua ntawm cov qoob loo loj. Rice polishing piv li ntawm 70 +% mus rau hauv 50%.
Futsus
Futsushu yog qib nkag tau yooj yim tshaj plaws, nrog tsawg kawg ntawm 70% ntawm cov nplej seem tom qab cov txheej txheem distilling. Nws yog non-jumnai rooj sake uas yog tsim kev lag luam siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem. Nws suav rau ntau dua 65% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm hauv Nyij Pooj.
Tugutei Honjozo
Tokutei qib sake yog ib qho tshwj xeeb sake (zoo ib yam li cov cawv txiv hmab zoo). Nws muaj cov nplej polishing piv ntawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus 70% (tsawg kawg yog 305 tau raug milled lawm), thiab cov no feem ntau yog cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws. Tej zaum nws yuav yog junmai lossis tsis yog junmai.
Ginjo
Special designation ginjo sake tuaj yeem yog junmai (junmai ginjo) lossis non-junmai (ginjo). Nws muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus nplej polishing piv ntawm 60% (tsawg kawg yog 40% ntawm cov nplej tau raug milled lawm). Toji ua tiav qhov no los ntawm brewing qeeb thiab qis los tsim kos npe floral thiab hloov maj mam txiv hmab txiv ntoo flavors.
Daiginjo
Daiginjo qib sake tuaj yeem yog junmai lossis tsis yog jumnai thiab. Nws muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus 50% nplej polishing piv, tab sis tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntxiv. Daiginjo sakes kuj tseem yog cov kws kos duab kos duab, xav tau kev xuas tes ua thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem brewing. Nws mus yam tsis tau hais tias Daiginjo yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm sake.
Nigori
Txhua qib ntawm sake tuaj yeem yog nigori style, uas txhais tau tias nws yog huab. Lub cloudiness los ntawm suspended mov solids nyob rau hauv cov kua.
Sparkling
Ib yam li cawv txiv hmab, sake kuj muaj npuas. Sparkling nihonshu (happoushu) yog ib txwm fermented los yog muaj carbonation ntxiv los tsim cov npuas. Nws yog ib qho tshiab (21st century) sake uas nce hauv kev muaj koob meej.
How to Drink Nihonshu
Txoj xov zoo yog tsis muaj txoj hauv kev tsis raug rau kev ua noj ua haus, raws li koj tuaj yeem txaus siab rau nws txias, ntawm chav tsev kub, sov lossis hauv sake cocktails. Cov txheej txheem yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub hom phiaj, lub caij nyoog tam sim no, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tus kheej nyiam ntawm tus neeg haus dej cawv. Ntau yam zoo li kub toddies, koj feem ntau yuav txaus siab rau sov so rau lub caij ntuj no los yog txias, txias hnub. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, koj yuav nyiam nyiam txias los yog chav tsev kub sake. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav txaus siab rau qib siab dua, xws li ginjo lossis daiginjo, txias los yog chav tsev kub kom khaws nws lub qhov ntswg thiab tsw. Cov neeg ua haujlwm rau ntau yam iav, suav nrog cov iav iav, iav tshuaj pleev ib ce iav nrog cov qauv tsim, los yog cov iav tsom iav hu ua sakazuki rau lub sijhawm zoo.
Nws yog ib txwm tuav koj lub khob los yog khob nrog ob txhais tes thaum ib tug neeg nchuav rau koj. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov haus dej cawv tom qab lub ncuav thiab ua ntej koj teem lub khob. Koj tuaj yeem toast los ntawm kev hais tias, "Kanpai! (kahn-pie)" uas txhais tau tias xoob mus rau "haus koj lub khob qhuav" thiab yog ib txwm Japanese toast. Tsis txhob txhawj - hais tias "kanpai" tsis txhais hais tias koj yuav tsum chug koj lub hom phiaj. Tsuas yog haus dej thiab txaus siab rau qhov tsw thiab aromas ntawm cov dej haus tshwj xeeb no.
Sake and Food
Sake mus zoo ib leeg, los yog zoo nrog zaub mov. Cov zaub mov uas koj txaus siab rau nws yuav nyob ntawm seb lub hom phiaj; Qee cov qauv yog qab nrog waygu steak thaum lwm tus tuaj ciaj sia thaum sipped nrog cov ntses qab heev.
Txhob Cia Siab Rau Txoj Sia
Tsis txhob tuav rawv kev tshawb nrhiav. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem ntshai mus rub lub raj mis tawm ntawm lub txee yog tias koj tsis paub yuav pib qhov twg lossis yuav ua li cas txaus siab rau nws, kev zoo nkauj ntawm sake yog tsis muaj txoj hauv kev. Zoo dua tsis tau, ntau lub tsev noj mov muaj sake flights ntawm lawv tus kheej tsim. Tshem tawm qhov kev txaj muag thiab dhia mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb sake.
